Aim. The work aimed to develop scientifically based approaches to the prospective policy of scientific and technological development of Russia.
Objectives. The work seeks to define the role of science and technology in the global geopolitical and economic transformation; assess the results of reforms in the scientific and technical sphere and the current state of the scientific and technological complex of Russia; consider the priorities of scientific and technological development of the country at the current stage; develop proposals for improving the state policy of scientific and technological development of Russia and its legislative support.
Methods. The authors applied methods of system analysis of global processes, the theory of economic structures, and the humanitarian-technological revolution, as well as data analysis methods.
Results. The study revealed that the world is moving into the stage of technological globalization (Globalization 4.0t). It is argued that the existing trends in scientific and technological development, the current state of the scientific and technological complex of the country do not enable to join the ranks of technologically leading countries in the new world economic order. The current state policy of scientific and technological development requires new legislative support, including the development of a scientific and innovation code.
Conclusions. The study confirmed the idea that under the new conditions; in order to join the ranks of global leading countries, special attention must be paid to the development of Russian scientific and technological complex. The fact is substantiated that the established goals of technological development can only be achieved by using an integrated, systemic approach to organizing a full innovation cycle and implementing priority projects of technological sovereignty. In order to ensure such a transition, it is necessary to develop and adopt a strategic planning document “Fundamentals of the policy of the Russian Federation in the field of formation of the national innovation system and ensuring technological sovereignty until 2040 and future trends” and the corresponding regulatory framework.

Aim. The work aimed to study the manifestations and fundamental causes of structural transformations of the modern economy from the standpoint of the relationship between service and industrial-production activities.
Objectives. The work seeks to identify the relationship between the results of economic development and the economic-theoretical views prevailing in society, to analyze the phenomenon of servitization of the economy and its statistical presentation; to specify the reasons for changes in the production structure of the modern economy, interpreted traditionally (within the theory of post-industrial development) as its servitization, to formulate proposals for adjusting economic policy aimed at creating a model of new industrial development in the context of sanctions.
Methods. The study is based on scientific concepts of classical and modern economic theory, as well as on the analysis of factual data characterizing structural changes in modern economic systems of Russia and other countries of the world.
Results. The authors have identified the fundamental reasons for the change in the modern economy production structure, which is presented in official statistical observations and is called servitization. There are two of these reasons, namely the development of the structure of needs, stimulating the production of services, which is associated with consumer demand, while the increase in the production of services is associated with a more complete satisfaction of the growing needs of people; another reason is the improvement of the organization of production based on the enhanced division of labor, which, as its technological level increases and new coordination tools (in particular, based on digitalization) and network forms of interaction between companies are introduced, becomes distributed, while intercompany transactions, essentially being the production in nature, are taken into account in statistics as service interaction.
Conclusions. The discrepancy between the form (service) and essence (production-industrial) of interaction between companies revealed in the study course is mistakenly taken in the theory of post-industrial development as a sign of the loss of industry’s significance in the modern economic model. The consequence of such not entirely correct interpretations of the facts observed is the wrong choice of economic policy instruments. This leads to problems in economic development, which, in particular, clearly manifested themselves under sanctions. According to the authors, the provisions discussed in the article can become the basis for revising in practice the approaches to the implementation of economic policy in the Russian Federation.

Aim. The work aimed to study and measure quantitatively the relationship between the structural complexity of the economies of Russian regions and their sustainability to economic shocks.
Objectives. The work seeks to adapt the methods for assessing the structural complexity of regional economies taking into account Russian specifics; test the methods for assessing the sustainability of regional economies to shocks; perform the model analysis of the relationship between the economy structural complexity and sustainability to shocks using the example of 85 constituent entities of the Russian Federation (RF).
Methods. The methods included correlation-regression and cluster analysis to assess the relationship between economic complexity and sustainability to shocks while controlling for the level of economic development and other factors.
Results. Based on the analysis of data on 85 constituent entities of the Russian Federation for 2014–2023, a modified regional economic complexity index (RECI) and a regional shock sustainability index (RSI) were developed. The sustainability of regions to economic shocks was measured using a regression model. Clustering of regions by level of sustainability and economic complexity was performed. It was established that regions with a high level of gross regional product (GRP) but low economic complexity (for example, raw materials regions) demonstrate high volatility of economic growth and low sustainability to shocks. Significant differentiation of Russian regions by level of economic complexity and sustainability to shocks was revealed.
Conclusions. The study confirms the hypothesis that regions with a more complex economic structure are more resilient to economic shocks. Economic complexity was revealed to be a more significant factor in sustainability to shocks than the overall level of economic development measured by GRP per capita.

Aim. The work aimed to analyze of the impact of renewable energy sector development on the condition of water resources in the region.
Objectives. The work seeks to characterize the renewable energy development in Russian regions; analyze the main indicators of renewable energy generation development in southern Russian regions; reveal the relationship between the volume of electricity generation by renewable energy facilities and indicators of the condition of water resources using the example of southern Russian regions.
Methods. A correlation analysis of time series was performed using data on the Southern and North Caucasian Federal Districts for 2016–2023, for the purpose of testing the hypothesis suggested about the impact of renewable energy on the condition of water resources in the region.
Results. Based on the analysis results, significant and moderate correlations were revealed between the volumes of all types of energy production and the condition of water resources in most regions. The relationship between the indicators is insignificant only in regions with an insignificant share of renewable sources in the energy balance. In regions where solar and wind energy are developing, the consumption of fresh water, fish catch, and extraction of aquatic bioresources decrease. However, the dependence of small hydropower generation and indicators of the condition of water resources in different regions demonstrates both an inverse and a direct relationship which is most pronounced in regions with a high level of fish farming development.
Conclusions. Despite some inconsistency in the analysis results obtained, it can be concluded that they confirm the existence of a relationship between the development of renewable energy and the condition of water resources. In order to ensure the sustainable development of water and energy systems, when justifying the choice of a project for the deployment of renewable energy facilities, it is important to assess comprehensively its potential impact on local ecosystems.

Aim. The work aimed to develop recommendations for managing the digital transformation of creative industries using the example of the entities of the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) based on the results of analyzing the readiness of their digital infrastructure for digital transformation for sustainable development and ensuring the economic sovereignty of Russia.
Objectives. The work seeks to justify the need and timeliness of creating digital transformation management processes that ensure the development of creative industries; to compile profiles of digital infrastructure readiness for digital transformation of creative industries using the Northwestern Federal District entities as an example, which can be used to determine promising areas for their development; to identify the specific aspects of creative industries formation in the Northwestern Federal District entities; to prove the existence of a close connection between the level of digital infrastructure readiness and the level of creative industries development; to develop recommendations for managing the digital transformation of creative industries to draft proposals for inclusion in regional strategies for their sustainable development and ensuring economic sovereignty of Russia.
Methods. The methodological framework includes methods of general scientific analysis based on a literature review, generalization and application of the experience of expert specialists, as well as special methods of economic research, including methods of formalized presentation using economic and mathematical models to study relationships.
Results. Recommendations have been developed for managing the digital transformation of creative industries based on readiness of the digital infrastructure in the entities under consideration, which may be useful for preparing proposals for their subsequent inclusion in regional strategies for the development of creative industries. The authors have compiled profiles of the digital infrastructure readiness of the Northwestern Federal District entities for the digital transformation of creative industries, which enable to determine promising fields for their development. The work presents the consolidated results of the analysis of the digital infrastructure readiness of these subjects by the end of 2023. It also substantiates the fact that the increase in the digital infrastructure readiness level is closely related to the development of creative industries in the Northwestern Federal District. The differences in the level of readiness of the Northwestern Federal District entities for digital transformation are analyzed, and corresponding recommendations are given for managing the digital transformation of creative industries for their sustainable development and ensuring the economic sovereignty of Russia.
Conclusions. According to the analysis results of the digital infrastructure readiness of the Northwestern Federal District entities, the leaders in 2023 were St. Petersburg, Leningrad and Novgorod regions, which were found to have a high level of the digital infrastructure readiness for the development of creative industries. There is an average level of digital infrastructure readiness in the Kaliningrad, Murmansk, Pskov, Vologda and Arkhangelsk regions, while creative industries are being actively developed in these regions. The Republic of Karelia and the Komi Republic, as well as the Nenets Autonomous District, have a low level of digital infrastructure readiness for digital business transformation in the Northwestern Federal District. A close relationship between the digital infrastructure readiness level and the level of development of creative industries in the Northwestern Federal District entities has been studied and identified. Recommendations have been developed for managing the digital transformation of creative industries, taking into account modern trends in the development of digital technologies, to prepare proposals for inclusion in regional strategies using the example of Northwestern Federal District entities for sustainable development and ensuring the economic sovereignty of Russia.

Aim. The work aimed to construct a scientifically sound and practically applicable terminological platform for strategic management of the intellectual maturity of industrial ecosystems as a key condition for achieving technological sovereignty and industrial leadership of Russia in the context of Industry 6.0.
Objectives. The work seeks to conceptualize the notions of “intellectual maturity”, “intellectual resilience”, “cognitive flexibility”, ‘hyperconnectivity’, and “digital emotional intelligence” in relation to digital and industrial ecosystems; to perform critical analysis of existing theoretical and practical approaches to maturity assessment; to develop grounds for constructing a unified research vocabulary that ensures the cognitive integrity of management decisions.
Methods. The study employed the systemic and cognitive approaches using methods of conceptual analysis, comparative terminological examination, elemental structuring of concepts, and principles of logical and semantic modeling. The provisions of the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation and modern theories of industrial ecosystem management in the era of Industry 6.0 are taken into account.
Results. The author’s interpretation of the key categories that determine the intellectual maturity of ecosystems is substantiated. The relationship between cognitive cooperation, knowledge management architecture and strategic development of industrial structures is established. The work identifies the levels of intellectual maturity and proposes the indicators for its assessment. The authors reveal the role of intellectual maturity as a factor of cognitive autonomy and a generator of technological sovereignty.
Conclusions. The developed conceptual framework is a basis for the formalization and standardization of approaches to the intellectualization of industrial ecosystems, provides a conceptual platform for the subsequent institutionalization of strategic management in the logic of cognitive-centric models. The results open up new opportunities for research in the field of intellectual transformation of industry and the formation of cognitive sovereignty.

Aim. The work aimed to form a holistic view of the role of AI-transformation of business in strengthening the technological sovereignty and achieving the technological leadership of Russia based on the ontogenesis of the digital economy and data economy.
Objectives. The work seeks to identify the key features of technological sovereignty and technological leadership, processes and phenomena associated with the construction of innovative ecosystems during AI-transformation; substantiate the fact that the AI transformation strategies of Russian companies are focused on technological leadership through the construction of innovative ecosystems that are most resilient to new challenges.
Methods. The study employed the author’s methodological approach, in particular the ontogenesis of the digital economy and the data economy, as well as two methods of ontogenesis “A-matrix for the formation of strategic decisions on digital transformation” (A-matrix: “Challenges” — “Triggers” — “Strategies”); the matrix “Evolution of the digital economy and systemic digital transformation” of Professor L. V. Lapidus, as well as retrospective analysis, the method of participant observation, the author’s own experience in the field of business consulting, conducting foresight sessions, strategic sessions with large Russian and international corporations from eleven sectors of the economy.
Results. The study identified key features of technological sovereignty and technological leadership. It was concluded that Russian corporations play a special role in strengthening technological sovereignty and achieving technological leadership, as they create a strong technological core of their ecosystems based on import substitution with the active development of Russian software and other high-tech solutions. The ontogenesis methods were used to substantiate that as the digital economy and the data economy developed, the dominant role of data changed and the role of AI increased. AI transformation strategies of companies are focused on technological leadership by creating innovative ecosystems that are most resilient to new challenges. AI transformation is a digital transformation responsible for the future of business with an orientation towards creating innovative ecosystems which focus has shifted from coordinating the flows of goods and services to creating innovative products, that is, goods, works, and services based on different classes of AI solutions and the commercialization of new knowledge, taking into account the strengthening of the AI strategic role in long-term sustainable development. Intelligent hyperconnectivity is the most important driver of AI transformation and technological leadership of business. The stage “Intelligent hyperconnectivity. Industry X.0” of digital economy development for the period from 2030 to 2050 will be characterized by changes associated with the emergence and development of markets technologies of Industry X.0 (intelligent hyperconnectivity of products and devices, AI machines, AI clients based on generative AI technologies and other breakthrough technologies of new generations), development of markets around meta-universes and other virtual spaces”.
Conclusions. Strengthening technological sovereignty and achieving technological leadership are within the interests of not only the state, but also business, which is confirmed by their importance in the implementation of six basic strategies of AI transformation. At present and after 2030 with a perspective to 2050, the companies which are more successful than others in implementing the strategic role of AI in AI transformation will be able to maintain leadership and achieve dominance. Business pays special attention to the DTS5 strategy which is focused on creating an innovative ecosystem. The best trajectory is becoming the core of such an ecosystem, the owner (operator) of key digital platforms, services and AI solutions on which other ecosystem participants will depend. With a further transition to Industry X.0, the Industry X.0 technologies and intelligent hyperconnectivity technologies will become a priority for business, which will be reflected in changes in business architecture and the structure of the technological core of innovative ecosystems.

Aim. The work aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the impact of sovereignization
policy on the socio-economic well-being of citizens in the period from 2014 to 2024.
Objectives. The work seeks to analyze the evolution of theoretical concepts; to assess the dynamics
of the quality of life of Russians, as well as the economic sovereignty achievement level in Russia,
with regards to statistics; to identify and describe the mechanisms of mutual influence; to determine
the way the directions of sovereignization policy (import substitution, fiscal incentives, monetary
policy) affect social results such as employment, income, prices, and availability of loans.
Methods. The study methodological basis is interdisciplinary and includes a synthesis of theoretical
analysis of scientific literature and empirical analysis of quantitative data. It used a systems
approach to identify cause-and-effect relationships between macroeconomic policy and its social
consequences, as well as a comparative analysis to contextualize Russian indicators.
Results. The study revealed a profoundly contradictory situation. On the one hand, the
sovereignization policy contributed to strengthening macroeconomic stability, expressed in a
slight decrease in external debt, accumulation of reserves and achievement of record-low
unemployment level, which prevented a sharp decrease in the living standards. On the other
hand, the achievements are accompanied by significant costs. The key negative consequences
were persistently high inflation, reducing real incomes of the population, and deepening social
inequality, which is confirmed by the growth of the Gini coefficient.
Conclusions. The work confirmed the hypothesis that the relationship between economic sovereignty
and quality of life in Russia represent a complicated compromise. At the present stage, Russia
successfully solves the “protective” tasks of sovereignty, but faces challenges in the implementation
of “developmental” tasks. The growth model based on resource mobilization shows signs of
exhaustion and leads to the preservation of structural problems.

Aim. The work aimed to create a systemic notion of the measures and activities taken by the country to generate a climate finance flow.
Objectives. The work seeks to study the statistics of strategic decisions that reveal the key elements of the national development trajectory being created, characterized by low carbon emissions and resilience to climate change; to analyze the process of regulating climate-relevant activities with an emphasis on the conditions for their financing; to compile a map of the main participants in financing initiatives to combat climate change.
Methods. The authors analyzed state strategic planning documents. The analysis of decrees of the President of Russia was supplemented by an analysis of documents developed by the Government of the Russian Federation, a number of ministries and departments.
Results. The work presents the state policy framework establishing the boundaries of state participation in creating economic conditions that ensure the formation of financing flows in economic modernization projects on a new technological basis (low-carbon technologies). It also provides an assessment of the role of key economic participants, taking into account their relationship to national goals and priorities.
Conclusions. Climate-related projects are financed from both the state budget and private capital. State support is intended to complement business’s own investments and attracted market financing, but not to become the main flow of climate financing. In Russia, a regulatory framework has been created that forms the climate financing segment of the national financial market. The question of the effectiveness of the implemented policy to stimulate demand for climate financing and the ability of the Russian economy to meet the demand for a new type of financial instruments remains open.

Aim. The work aimed to identify and characterize the key factors in the development of semiconductor industry that ensure the strengthening of technological sovereignty of Russia.
Objectives. The work seeks to perform a critical analysis of statistical information of the retrospective period to determine the dependence of Russia on other countries in semiconductor products; to identify macroeconomic factors in the development of semiconductor industry aimed at strengthening the technological sovereignty of Russia.
Methods. In the study course, scientific publications were selected, representing the basis for the development of research in the context of the topic being disclosed, as well as factual information of federal government bodies of the Russian Federation (RF), namely the Federal Customs Service and the Federal State Statistics Service, was systematized and summarized. The study employed comparison, analysis, and synthesis of information, graphic-analytical tools.
Results. The statistical data analysis established the presence of a stable dependence of the Russian Federation on the import of electrical products, including products manufactured using semiconductors. At the same time, there is a positive trend in the production of high-tech and science-intensive products, including the semiconductor segment.
Conclusions. The semiconductor industry, being a key element of high-tech production, is the most significant in ensuring the technological sovereignty of the country and requires priority attention from both government agencies and private investors. The industry development is largely stimulated by macroeconomic factors, including the state industrial policy, import substitution programs, and the digital transformation of the economy. The study results can be used in the preparation of analytical materials, strategies for the development of high-tech sectors, as well as in educational and scientific activities.

Aim. The work aimed to study approaches to the implementation of innovative technologies based on automation and robotization in the production processes of industrial enterprises.
Objectives. The work seeks to analyze the key factors influencing the efficiency of automation and robotization, including the use of digital technologies (artificial intelligence, the Internet of things); to discuss the results of implementation of industrial robots in the economies of leading regions; to propose practical recommendations for the integration of robotic systems.
Methods. The authors used system analysis and generalization to study the approaches and practical experience of implementing automation and robotization in industrial production processes.
Results. It was established that the key results of the implementation of automation and robotization include optimization of business processes, increased productivity, cost reduction, and ensuring the competitiveness of industrial structures. Based on the analysis, practical recommendations are proposed for the integration of robotic systems into the existing infrastructure, personnel training, and adaptation of management decisions.
Conclusions. A comprehensive study of approaches to automation, analysis of key factors and experience of leading regions enable to form a systemic view of the process of implementing innovative technologies. This will create the basis for developing practical recommendations aimed at increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of industrial enterprises in modern conditions.

Aim. The work aimed to determine the directions of Russia’s development based on the analysis of the evolution of the digital business strategy of the organization to ensure competitiveness in the context of achieving its technological and economic sovereignty.
Objectives. The work seeks to conduct a comprehensive analysis and identify the dynamics of the development of the business strategy in the context of managing an organization using information technology (IT); determine the role of IT as a key factor in improving the efficiency and quality of management information, as well as coordinating business processes in order to strengthen the competitive advantages of organizations to ensure the economic sovereignty of Russia in modern dynamic markets; propose a digital transformation strategy focused on using the opportunities of the digital economy.
Methods. The study employed a systems approach and was based on the analysis of publications of Russian and international authors, posted in scientific electronic libraries, as well as available information from analytical and consulting companies that are experts and practitioners in IT and business consulting.
Results. The obtained analysis results revealed that the active use of IT as part of a business strategy provides significant competitive advantages to a company. Further steps aimed at the transition to a digital business strategy and then a digital transformation strategy further strengthen these positions and provide a basis for ensuring the technological and economic sovereignty of the country.
Conclusions. The study confirms the significant influence of IT on business strategy. The analysis showed the evolution of IT business goals, from efficiency in the 1960s to increasing competitiveness in the 1980s; a shift in focus from saving resources to increasing operational efficiency and strategic differentiation; the importance of strategic alignment of business and IT strategies to implement the value of investments in technology; the need to align business and IT for a competitive advantage of organizations in changing markets; the impact of digital technologies on external, internal and general business functions; changing organizational strategy through the creation of digital value; business transformation due to a digital strategy stimulating the growth of products and services; focus on digital transformation to use digital resources in operational, customer and model strategies; priority of digital transformation strategy alignment for management; need to integrate IT strategy into business strategy and transition to digital transformation; transition from a business support tool to its core, where digital transformation is a new reality for organizations.