Aim. To study the phenomenon of greenwashing in the spheres of green bonds issuance and banks’ activities.

Objectives. To show the degree of study of the problem in foreign and Russian scientific literature; to analyze the methods of combating greenwashing; to estimate the probability of greenwashing in the financial sphere in Russia.

Methods. The author used the methods of bibliographic analysis, studied the legislation and documentation of banking organizations in the context of greenwashing prevention.

Results. The author traces the growth of cases of greenwashing in the financial sphere, shows the main forms of its manifestation emphasized in modern scientific literature. As a result of the analysis of the European Union (EU) legislation on counteraction to financial greenwashing the ineffectiveness of the EU measures on prevention of unfair behavior of issuers of “green” bonds and banking institutions is proved. The analysis of the Russian practice of green finance shows the low demand for the services of green bond verifiers and the low degree of state control over this sphere, which may affect the spread of financial greenwashing in Russia. Based on the results of the analysis of the sphere of counteraction to greenwashing in the sphere of green finance in Russia, the main directions of improvement of the domestic policy of counteraction to greenwashing are proposed.

Conclusions. Greenwashing is an urgent problem for the development of green finance. The measures taken by the EU to regulate the green bond market do not lead to a reduction in greenwashing and even provoke its development. Measures on state control and tougher penalties for greenwashing are more effective than the emphasis on information disclosure. This seems significant not only for the European market, but also for the Russian market, which will have to face this problem. It is necessary to develop measures to detect and overcome unfair behavior of participants of Russian financial markets, including the development of state control mechanisms, a unified methodology for assessing green bonds and issuers’ reporting, as well as the responsibility of issuers and verifiers when greenwashing is detected. Equally important are incentives for banks to finance green projects and control of the banking system in the framework of greenwashing prevention.

Aim. To build a system of inter-territorial interaction and cooperation in the sphere of waste management.

Objectives. To develop a model of interterritorial interaction and cooperation in the sphere of waste management; to offer directions and forms of interterritorial interaction and cooperation in the investigated sphere.

Methods. The author used the methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and classification, as well as modeling. Legislative acts of the Russian Federation (RF), data of official governmental sites of the RF and the Republic of Bashkortostan, scientific articles, monographs, periodicals in the field of ecological monitoring of territories, data of the public-law company “Russian Ecological Operator” (PPC “REO”), statistical collections devoted to the researched subject served as a methodological basis for model building.

Results. The author of the article proposes a model of inter-territorial interaction and cooperation, which includes the definition of ratings of regions, forms and directions, assessment of risks and effectiveness of inter-territorial interaction and cooperation. It is argued that interaction and cooperation in this area can be realized through participation in investment for the creation of infrastructure facilities for waste management; through participation in tenders on the electronic trading platform for the purchase of secondary raw materials; construction of eco-industrial parks, allowing to reduce to the maximum the amount of waste going to landfill; awareness-raising activities to popularize the principles of closed-cycle economy; eco-volunteering, creation of an eco-monitoring system.

Conclusions. The model of interterritorial interaction and cooperation in the sphere of waste management proposed by the author allows to improve its quality, to ensure the efficiency of territorial development, viability of waste management infrastructure, full utilization of the potential of regions and the sphere of waste management.

Aim. To determine the problematics of the application of “green” standards in the field of housing construction and its impact on the management of sustainable development of production systems based on the application of “green” standards in the marketing sphere, as well as to propose options for solutions to problematic issues and directions for further research.

Objectives. To analyze statistical information, as well as regulatory documentation in the field of “green” certification of residential real estate; to identify the problems of applied standards; to offer possible solutions to problematic issues in the aspect of application of “green” standards in the marketing sphere; to determine the necessary measures to implement the principles of sustainable development of production systems in general and adaptation of “green” standards in the assortment policy, marketing sphere of production systems in particular; to determine the directions for further research.

Methods. When conducting the research, general scientific methods such as general analysis, expert assessments and generalization, document analysis, abstraction, comparison were used.

Results. In the course of the study, the research revealed consolidated groups of problems, including “green” certification in the sphere of individual housing construction in conditions of non-systemic control of the process and results of activity in the marketing sphere of production systems (defined as a goal of further research); the problems of application of the approved and implemented in 2022 “green” state standard in the field of apartment building were revealed. During the analysis of regulatory documentation (GOST R 70346-2022. “Green” standards. Buildings of multifamily residential “green”. Evaluation methods and criteria for design, construction and operation) methodological problems of applying the criteria of group No. 6 “Materials and resource efficiency” are studied, possible solutions are proposed, directions for further research are outlined, the impact of these issues on the complex of management of sustainable development of production systems based on the application of “green” standards in the marketing sphere is shown. In addition, the classification of building evaluation stages in terms of construction stages is given.

Conclusions. Approaches to the sustainable development of production systems in the sphere of housing construction, production and application of building materials have a special significance in public policy. An example is the “green” state standard, which is adopted in 2022, its popularization including through “Dom.RF”. However, the current certification mechanism, with all its advantages and merits, has a number of limitations in its application: lack of information from the developer, especially about completed objects, lack of comprehensive systems and registers of “green” solutions and materials, insufficient regulatory mechanisms in case of conflict between environmental friendliness and economic efficiency. These limitations are analyzed in the context of the block of criteria № 6 “Materials and resource efficiency”, and possible solutions are proposed, including the development of a comprehensive system and register of solutions and materials that meet the principles of sustainable development; accumulation of optional but necessary data on the certification of materials and solutions by the developer; proportional reduction of the tax base to compensate for the additional costs arising from the use of more expensive but more environmentally friendly materials and solutions; introduction of a new system and registry of “green” solutions and materials that meet the principles of sustainable development. The authors also identify directions for future research.  

Aim. To analyze the degree of investment impact on economic growth in modern Russia.

Objectives. To study the multiplier effect as a key tool for stimulating economic activity and creating new jobs, developing innovations and reducing social inequality; to identify its significance for the national economy in modern conditions of inherent uncertainty.

Methods. The research is based on the empirical study of the multiplier effect and gas pedal effect on the materials of the modern Russian economy. The analysis is based on the use of dynamic time series, definition of dependent and independent variables in the context of identified correlations between them. The data of literary sources on the assessment of the impact of the investment multiplier effect on economic growth were also studied.

Results. The multiplier effect can have a significant impact on the formation of the structure of the economy, contributing to an increase in production, reducing unemployment and improving the standard of living of the population. The study of this effect allows us to better understand the mechanisms of economic functioning and develop recommendations for optimizing investment policy to achieve sustainable economic growth, which is important for modern Russia developing under sanctions pressure. The study of paired regression revealed a mathematical relationship between the increase in investment in fixed capital and the growth of gross domestic product (GDP), as well as between GDP growth and the increase in investment in fixed capital. The high correlation coefficient (r = 0.945896) and coefficient of determination (R² = 89.47 %) confirm that there is a strong relationship between fixed capital investment and GDP. This indicates that most of the changes in output can be explained through changes in fixed capital investment.

Conclusions. The results of the analysis confirm the importance of investment in fixed capital as a key factor of economic growth and development in modern Russia. Strengthening investment activity allows not only to increase the level of economic development as a whole, but also contributes to the creation of favorable conditions for sustainable growth of income of the population, innovation activity, etc. In this regard, investment stimulation should become one of the priorities in the current Russian economic policy.  

Aim. To identify the main directions and specific features of international company management, as well as to determine the structural criteria, distinguishing features and types of international corporations.

Objectives. To consider different typologies of organizational structure of management of an international company; to characterize the main problems, strategies and specific features of personnel management of an international firm.

Methods. The authors used modern methods. Methods: modern methodology of socio-economic research, including system and process approaches, method of comparative analysis, empirical and analytical methods.

Results. The study of organizations with multinational composition has shown that the management of such a team requires consideration of several aspects. First, it is necessary to pay attention to the static aspect, i.e. specific features of the composition, structure and conditions of personnel formation. Secondly, it is advisable to consider the team in dynamics and analyze its development over time, from the moment of formation to disbandment. Thirdly, the management of a multinational team should take into account ethical aspects, which serve as the basis of the management system and combine static and dynamic perspectives.

Conclusions. The authors found that the management system of an international company has a complex structure, regardless of the actual location of the business. The influence of such components as organizational strategy, life cycle, organizational culture, external environment and labor potential on the strategy of personnel management should also be taken into account.

Aim. The aim was to investigate the effects of social and economic aspects of human resource management to identify the necessary components, methods and their combination that form innovative capabilities in the organization.

Objectives. To identify which methods of the economic or social aspect of human resource management have a greater impact on the innovative capabilities of the organization, as well as to determine the degree of development of these aspects in the organization to form the innovative capabilities of the organization.

Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of a sociological survey based on 980 observations, the confirmation of hypotheses was based on the random effects model "within-intercept" to investigate not only fixed or internal effects, in which variables change over time, but also intermediate effects, in which variables do not change over time.

Results. The following results were obtained in the study. First, organizational innovation capability is more strongly influenced by social aspects compared to economic aspects of human resource management. Second, there is no maximizing effect of the methods of the two aspects if they are applied equally. Third, the effects of social aspects are stronger as economic aspects of human resource management are introduced.

Conclusions. The effects of the economic aspect of human resource management do not have an independent effect on the innovation capability of an organization. Therefore, increasing the level and complexity of economic methods of human resource management may be redundant or not necessary, for the formation of innovative capabilities of the organization. But social aspects of human resources management are not self-sufficient, rather economic aspects should be applied as a supplement to the social aspect of management. The degree of development of economic and social aspects in the organization is important, they should be coordinated and at a high level of development, only then there is a stimulating synergetic effect on the development of innovative capabilities of the organization. The conducted research contributes to the understanding of what aspects should be the basis of human resource management for the formation and increase of innovative capabilities of the organization.

Aim. To formalize and investigate a mechanism for effectively managing the interaction of a two-sided platform with buyers and sellers.

Objectives. Determination of the purpose and tasks of interaction management; allocation of the core of tools for managing the interaction, formation of criteria of the mechanism functioning efficiency.

Methods. The authors used logical, structural, comparative analysis, as well as applied meta-analysis of previous studies to form the theoretical basis of the mechanism of management of the interaction of bilateral platform with buyers and sellers. Consistent with the subject area, the study is based on the standard model of bilateral platforms and extends it with the basic methodological approaches of entrepreneurship theory.

Results. The article contains the formalization of the mechanism of effective management of interaction of bilateral platform with buyers and sellers. Aim and objectives of interaction management are defined, the core of tools for managing the interaction is identified, and criteria for the effectiveness of the mechanism are proposed and substantiated. The study identifies key factors affecting the effectiveness of bilateral platforms, including the importance of market saturation and the need to provide flexible conditions for different groups of users. The correlation between the improvement of working conditions on the platform and the growth of its financial performance was proved.

Conclusions. The formalized mechanism allows to effectively manage the interaction with parties on a two-sided platform, ensuring the growth and sustainable development of the marketplace. Further adaptation of management tools is recommended, taking into account the specifics of markets and user behavior.

Aim. To develop and formulate an algorithm that allows timely diagnosing and eliminating problems in business processes.

Objectives. To consider and systematize the main signs of problems in business processes; to determine the main sources, causes of losses and inefficiency; to formulate an algorithm that allows to assess the effectiveness of the process; to test the proposed algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of business processes on the example of a specific organization.

Methods. The authors used the methods of descriptive literature review and statistical data analysis. The research includes the study and analysis of scientific articles, reports of scientific conferences and other publications related to the subject of the article. The analysis of statistical data is based on the performance of the organization, in particular the operator of urban mobility services. All data used for calculations are of a conditional nature.

Results. In the process of research the works of modern authors related to the analysis of efficiency and diagnostics of problems in business processes are considered and generalized. In the mentioned works some theoretical aspects of the topic are widely and in detail studied, which are then systematized by the authors of the present study. As a result, an algorithm has been formed that allows in practice to monitor the efficiency of business processes of the organization, as well as to diagnose possible problems in a timely manner. When testing this approach in practice, in the context of the analysis of business processes in the organization, the following results were obtained: a number of critical problems in business processes that have a negative impact on the result of activity were identified; a plan to improve their efficiency was developed and implemented.

Conclusions. The process approach is one of the most successful tools to improve the efficiency of the organization. Optimal operation of all key and essential business processes ultimately affects the company’s result. The operating conditions of an organization are constantly changing under the influence of a dynamic business environment. One of the most important elements of the efficiency management system for business processes, and consequently for the business as a whole, is a properly formed set of indicative indicators reflecting the progress of each process. The choice of indicators should be based primarily on the strategic goals of the organization, cascaded down to the level of individual processes. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the risks of efficiency reduction can be identified in advance and in a timely manner with the help of a correctly constructed system of simple control indicators. For these purposes, taking into account the concept of lean production and continuous improvement, as well as on the basis of the classification of losses set out in it, a questionnaire for express analysis of business process efficiency has been developed.

Aim. To apply the concept of human-centricity in the process of digital transformation when building a management system for developing entrepreneurial projects.

Objectives. Development of practical recommendations and digital tools to implement the concept of Human-Centricity Management (HCM); formation of humanistic values at the early stages of entrepreneurial project development.

Methods. The authors applied the methods of analysis, grouping and generalization, typologization, synthesis, graphic and tabular visualization.

Results. Practical recommendations for the implementation of the concept of human-centricity (HCM) in the formation of entrepreneurial project management system were developed. The methodology of overcoming the information problem has been supplemented and modified: the web-service Management of Developing Projects (MDP), aimed at the realization of the basic principles of HCM within the framework of the current model of project management, has been proposed and developed. The necessity of humanistic values formation at the early stages of entrepreneurial projects development was substantiated.

Conclusions. Entrepreneurial community and related institutions unite on the basis of socially directed role-based business models that support useful social transformations as well as the main principles of HCM. Companies that implement the concept of human-centricity are more successful in attracting and retaining qualified human resources. In conditions of increased demand on the labor market, digitalization of this concept plays the role of a catalyst for development, and it should be taken into account by the initiators of entrepreneurial projects when building the company’s management system.

Aim. To determine the factors of age influence on the demand for financial products.

Objectives. Establishment of age groups with distinction characteristics of demand for financial products; identification of groups of financial products characteristic for each age group; determination of the nature of the influence of age on demand in relation to certain financial products.

Methods. The author applied a review and comparative analysis of Russian and international publications, quantitative analysis of the results of the All-Russian household survey.

Results. Age groups with distinctive characteristics of demand for financial products were identified, and the selection of groups of financial products characteristic for each age group was carried out. In addition, the influence of age on demand for a number of financial products was analyzed.

Conclusions. The formation of demand for financial products depends on age, which is a key demographic variable that determines the list of financial market products relevant for a particular age group, as well as quantitative and qualitative indicators of demand for financial products. Age as a determinant influences consumer choice of financial market products and consumer activity in these markets.

Aim. Based on normative acts to reveal the key importance of the domestic scientific background in the implementation of climate policy.

Objectives. To characterize the historical experience of using scientific-balance calculations in the implementation of strategic planning, applied today in the process of climate policy implementation in the national economy; to consider the current trends in strategic management of climate policy, description of the system of key cross-sectoral documents of strategic planning, reflection of accounting for the implementation of the major innovative project of state importance (MIP SI) and federal scientific and technical program (FSTP) in the system of climate policy in Russia.

Methods. The author used general scientific methods of theoretical research, including analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and presented a system of intersectoral documents of climate policy in the context of the need to ensure anti-sanctions resistance. The results of the implementation of MIP SI and FSTP in the system of documents of inter-sectoral strategic planning of climate policy in the Russian economy are investigated.

Results. The article analyzes the system of key intersectoral strategic planning documents developed and approved for the implementation of climate policy. According to the approved acts, in the Russian economy are realized MIP SI and FSTP, which contribute to the aggregation and implementation of scientific developments necessary in the implementation of climate policy of the Russian Federation (RF). In addition, the connection of the relevant documents with the documents of intersectoral (including technological) nature, which take into account not only the implementation of climate policy, but also the need to form technological sovereignty in connection with the sanctions restrictions imposed on the Russian economy. It is shown that state-level projects implemented in connection with the climate agenda can form a domestic foundation that will provide a promising scientific calculations and developments aimed at the realization of low-carbon development of the domestic economy.

Conclusions. The low-carbon economic development strategy developed on the basis of the input-output methodology (inter-sectoral balance), the approved state program to reduce the carbon intensity of the Russian economy, as well as the updated Climate Doctrine are the key intersectoral documents of climate policy, which take into account relevant scientific research, including in the natural-science plane. Aggregation of the results of the implementation of the MIP SI and FSTP will allow taking into account the advanced achievements of domestic research in the climate field, which will further ensure a more balanced implementation of the state climate policy in the long term, including in the context of the need to form and ensure technological sovereignty. This in the long term can positively affect the sustainable improvement of welfare in the country.

Aim. To describe the mechanisms of state support used to reduce bank risks in lending to small and medium enterprises (SME lending).

Objectives. Identification of risks that arise in SME lending in Russia; identification of measures that contribute to the reduction of these risks.

Methods. Theoretical part of the methodology is the study of literature dealing with the topic of research; the experimental part includes data collection, their analysis, conclusion on statistics in the Russian Federation (RF) on lending to entrepreneurial activity.

Results. It can be stated that entrepreneurs have a certain optimism about the prospects for the development of their business. This is supported by the emergence of special lending programs for entrepreneurs in the SME segment. Banks are developing new loan products, including those with the use of state support measures for entrepreneurs. SME lending enables banks to diversify their loan portfolios, expand their customer base, and increase interest and commission income.

Conclusions. Support from the government helps to significantly reduce credit risks and significantly expand access of SMEs to financial resources. This, in turn, gives a powerful incentive for growth and development of both small business and the economy as a whole.