The presented study substantiates the opportunities and prospects of using an input-output model to identify multifactorial challenges, threats, and risks of ensuring Russia’s food security during the transition toward a new stage of socio-economic, scientific, and technological development of the country’s agrifood sector. Aim. Theoretical and methodological substantiation nd preparation of guidelines on the development of a system of strategic projects using a modified input-output model to ensure Russia’s food security. Tasks. The authors identify the specific aspects of assessing the population’s food requirements; substantiate estimated food requirement figures corresponding to modern criteria and consistent with the dynamics of the population’s income behavior; propose a methodology for substantiating strategic projects using a system of inter-product and inter-industry balances of the Russian agrifood sector. Methods. This study analyzes Russian and foreign inter-industry research practices and assesses their current state to develop a system of modified input-output models for the Russian agrifood sector for predicting the sustainable growth of food consumption and increasing the competitive export of products with high added value. Results. The authors propose a system of strategic projects aimed at ensuring the country’s food security; identify the specific aspects of composite well-being with regard to food consumption; propose modified input-output tables for the agrifood sector; substantiate the information capabilities of such tables and their use in the management of a multi-level system of inter-industry interactions in the country’s agrifood sector. Conclusion. Examination of the capabilities of an input-output model for efficient management in the agrifood sector makes it possible to identify the specific features of the model’s structure and substantiate the conditions of its application in the design of the key parameters of ensuring Russia’s food security.

The present study focuses on the specific aspects of the problem of building business innovation systems in Russia. Aim. The study aims to systematize and assess the degree of implementation of each set of prerequisites for the formation of efficient innovation systems under current Russian circumstances and conditions. Tasks. The authors determine relevant structural principles for the innovation system in accordance with the implemented innovation process model, analyze the fulfillment of conditions necessary for the formation of an efficient innovation system in Russia, and set up some correspondence between existing legislative and regulatory bodies in Russia and international forms of external support for innovation activities. Methods. This study uses quantitative methods such as collection and comparative analysis of statistical data representing the economic indicators of innovation development in Russia. Qualitative methods include content and expert analysis, with synthesis, to summarize the results. Results. Economic development oriented toward digitalization is determined by interactions between government, science, and business within the framework of a triple helix model, which is integral to the efficient building of innovation systems of all levels. The basic institutional and economic conditions for the efficient functioning of innovation-driven organizational and economic systems are as follows: (1) innovation-driven development must be acknowledged by all population groups; (2) favorable legal, financial, and tax conditions for innovation and technology transfer must exist; (3) barriers to business operations must not be erected; (4) solid financial backing of the economy must be present; (5) high quality of education at all stages must be available; and (6) science funding must be 3-5% of GDP. This study shows that Russia currently meets the first and, partially, the second condition. Conclusion. Examination of the prerequisites for the formation of efficient innovation systems under modern conditions shows that in Russia, apart from the process of building organizational and economic systems at various levels based on the triple helix model, is beleaguered by the problem of inadequate external conditions for building and developing such systems. This fact also determines the necessity of external support for their proper functioning.

The presented study examines the necessity and feasibility of using digital economic technologies in healthcare. Aim. The study aims to examine the specific features of the blockchain technology as a tool of the digital economy and to determine its advantages over conventional software, pointing out changes in the organization of work of healthcare providers associated with the reduction of labor costs in certain types of activities through blockchain implementation. Tasks. The authors examine potential areas of blockchain application in medicine such as telehealth, personal genome data storage, recording from monitors for diagnostic purposes to prevent access of unauthorized persons, secure storage of clinical records, creation of a unified register of patient information, transfer of medical information from paper to digital media. The viability of blockchain implementation in medicine is analyzed. Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to assess the feasibility of implementation of digital technologies in healthcare and to determine the prospects of economic development. Results. The general structure of blockchain implementation areas is presented. Strategies are proposed for reducing labor and energy costs of medical information processing, facilitating the development of new treatment technologies, creating and implementing pharmaceuticals marked by cryptoprotection in clinical practice. Conclusion. Examination of the specific features of the blockchain technology makes it possible to conclude that implementation of digital technologies significantly increases the medical, social, and economic efficiency of healthcare.

In the context of intensifying competition using discriminatory measures in foreign trade, sanctions, fake products and news, business support and investment in the economy using “soft power” is becoming increasingly popular. Government regulation and infrastructure support of business activities is intended to reduce the negative effects of the above factors. “Soft power” is an element of the national policy that is meant to change the perception of the potential of conducting business in Russia by foreign entrepreneurs, investors, and consumers. The presented study examines the existing approaches to “soft power” and its potential economic application using a target-oriented approach. Aim. The study aims to show the genesis and role of “soft power” in government regulation and infrastructure support of entrepreneurship, to analyze major directions of “soft power” in the economy, and to simulate the conditions in the business support policy that are necessary to facilitate the development of investment and business. Tasks. In order to achieve the set aim, the authors analyze the development of the “soft power” concept in the modern science and determine the specific aspects of this development. They also examine the tools and resources of “soft power” and identify the problems and opportunities of successful implementation of “soft power” in order to improve the business attractiveness of the Russian Federation. Methods. This study uses a systems approach, classification of micro- and macroeconomic information, analysis and synthesis, scientific abstraction and aggregation, historical and logical, positive and normative approaches. Results. The results of the study prove that implementation of target-oriented approach projects with regard to “soft power” makes them an additional way of improving the attractiveness of the national and regional socioeconomic system; ensures project-based development of entrepreneurship and promotes investment in scientific and innovative technological solutions, including those involving digitalization; provides a program for the development of the major areas of economic application of “soft power”; creates conditions for sustainable economic development. Conclusion. The conducted study substantiates the necessity of implementation of a projectbased approach to using the “soft power” mechanism in government regulation and infrastructure support of business activities and identifies major areas of application of “soft power” in the context of increasing sanctions against Russia.

The presented study substantiates the inevitability of further development of electronic payment instruments, evaluates the role of cryptocurrencies in money circulation, and identifies the main features of the cryptocurrency market, emphasizing the need to consider the modern money, cryptocurrency in particular, regardless of emitter, as debt obligation. From this perspective, the authors examine the reaction of Central Banks to the prospects of using cryptocurrency. Aim. The study aims to systematize factors that indicate the necessity and viability of viewing cryptocurrency as debt obligation by both the owners of these assets and the monetary authorities. Tasks. The authors substantiate the economic viability of using electronic money as a whole and cryptocurrencies in particular in money circulation; define cryptocurrencies as debt obligation, assessing the specific aspects of its properties; assess the reaction of the monetary authorities and other government institutions to the development of the cryptocurrency market; identify major directions of cryptocurrency influence on the efficiency of monetary control in the economy. Methods. This study uses such methods as comparison, analysis, systematization of information, and expert assessment. Results. As a result of the study, the authors’ view of the trends in the development of the cryptocurrency market is substantiated. Interpretation of the economic nature of electronic money as a whole and cryptocurrencies in particular as debt obligation is proposed. Positive aspects and potential negative effects of the development of the cryptocurrency market are identified. The latter require the monetary authorities and other government institutions to come up with measures for minimizing them. Conclusion. Examination of trends in the development of the electronic money market, systematization of foreign experience in the regulation of this sector of the financial market, and identification of historical patterns in the development of money circulation make it possible not only to minimize the risks of the cryptocurrency market participants, but also to enhance the efficiency of the regulatory measures of the monetary authorities.

The present study examines the problems of budget utilization by executive bodies, improving budgetary accounting in the context of implementation of new standards for the government sector, and enhancing the performance of executive bodies. Aim. The study aims to develop methods for the efficient planning and monitoring of performance of executive bodies in order to make budget planning and utilization more efficient. Tasks. The authors propose a system of indicators for the assessment of budget utilization on government programs. They also develop a set of qualitative performance indicators for executive bodies, evaluating the feasibility of integration of an automated information-analytical system for budgetary accounting (AIASBA) into the activities of executive bodies. Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition in various aspects to propose qualitative and quantitative indicators for the performance assessment of executive bodies and to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a new budgetary accounting program. Results. Executive authorities serve to carryout budgetary policy with the purpose of facilitating regional socio-economic development. To this end, the authors propose performance assessment indicators for executive bodies and methods for the implementation of the AIASBA project aimed at improving budgetary accounting-according to the implemented standards for the government sector and new powers. Conclusion. The proposed set of indicators for the assessment of budget utilization within the framework of socio-economic efficiency of government programs and the proposed qualitative indicators for performance monitoring serve to improve the efficiency of executive bodies. The authors economically substantiate the expediency of transition toward AIASBA implementation by executive bodies.

The present article analyzes major works in the field of corporate liquidity management and substantiates the authors’ views of a systems approach to corporate liquidity management. Aim. The study aims to examine the fundamental principles of corporate liquidity management from the perspective of both preventing insolvency and providing some strategic insight regarding the effects of liquidity on company value. Tasks. The authors examine and analyze methods and indicators of corporate liquidity assessment as well as potential financial consequences of poor liquidity management. Moreover, they examine the sources of liquidity loss risk and establish some liquidity management principles. Methods. This study uses various aspects of general scientific methods of cognition to examine strategic aspects of corporate liquidity management, determine trends in the current state and development of such implemented policies, and identify basic principles. An econometric analysis of the relationship between the level of liquidity and profitability of assets based on 89 Russian companies shows a non-linear relationship and makes it possible to identify threshold points in the combined dynamics of liquidity and profitability, distinguishing between three ranges of positive and negative patterns throughout their interaction. Results. Implementation of the principle of correlation between liquidity management and the general corporate development strategy determines the need for a two-level liquidity management system within the framework of the company’s financial management. Depending on the general corporate strategy, companies adopt different policies (i.e., aggressive, conservative, moderate) relating to the level, structure, and funding of current assets, which collectively determine the liquidity level within a specified risk tolerance. Conclusion. The developed principles and the multi-layered approach to corporate liquidity management aimed at value creation expand the set of tools for comprehensive assessment and management of this key characteristic pertaining to the company’s activities in its financial management system.

As part of the transition toward a new technologicalparadigm, development of the digital economy has intensified. Digitalization affects many social spheres, including the political, economic, and cultural ones. Education is one of the industries that transform economic structure to the benefit of knowledge-intensive industries. The present study examines changes in Russia’s higher education system with respect to digitalization. Aim. The study substantiates the role of universities in the transformation of the Russian higher education system pertaining to digitalization, analyzes the implementation of the priority project, “Universities as centers of the innovation creation space,” simulating the transformations that universities need to undertake in order to proactively meet the changing requirements of the labor market during the formation of the digital economy. Tasks. In order to achieve the objective set forth, the authors substantiate strategic vectors for the development of universities that are necessary for them to become the intellectual, technological, scientific, innovative, cultural, and educational core of the regional socio-economic system. Moreover, it highlights their role as being centers of creative and sports development of their region’s youth through the formation of socially oriented and balanced value-based personal development of students-and the region’s population as a whole. Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition, comparative and statistical analysis to identify major directions for the transformation of universities in the context of economic digitalization. The practical guidelines provided are based on the example of university centers for innovation, technological, and social development established in the Southwest State University in the Kursk region. Results. The study proves that the implementation of projects on the transformation of universities into university centers for innovation, technological, and social development allows them (1) to form the intellectual, technological, scientific, innovative, cultural, and educational core of the regional socio-economic system; (2) to facilitate project-based development of the university’s scientific and educational capacity and to make a breakthrough in scientific and innovative technological developments, including those associated with digitalization; (3) to create regional innovative and scientific technological ecosystems on the basis of universities; (4) to lay the groundwork for the development of technological, innovative, and social entrepreneurship and start-up accelerators; and (5) to train more soughtafter specialists in view of the new requirements of the digital economy. Conclusion. The study substantiated the need to implement a project to transform the Southwest State University into a university center for innovation, technological, and social development, identifying major directions for university transformation in the context of economic digitalization.

The present study examines major factors that affect the development of new forms of entrepreneurship in the context of rapidly growing digital platforms. Aim. The study aims to analyze major factors, and their effects on changes in the forms of entrepreneurship, in contexts where advanced technology impacts the economic environment. Tasks. The authors assess the prospects for entrepreneurial development in the context of digital platforms. Methods. This study uses scientific analysis and fusion of information from a vast range of literature sources to examine the establishment and development of entrepreneurship based on digital platforms. Results. Digital-based advanced technologies, such as mobile Internet, automation of intellectual labor, Internet pertaining to things, cloud technologies, advanced robotics, autonomous and semi-autonomous vehicles, and 3D printing, along with such macroeconomic factors as structural imbalances, have been significantly changing the industrial economic structure and labor market conditions. They also form a new business ecosystem, providing new opportunities to meet consumer needs. An important aspect of technological change is that products based on it are available to the mass consumer which, in turn, significantly expands the scope of opportunities for all participants of economic processes: entrepreneurs, consumers, and employees. Conclusion. Qualitative changes in the global economy significantly alter the business environment, which is reflected in its forms and economic performance. Advanced technology and structural imbalances have triggered a new stage of development. Due to their organization, digital platforms significantly extend the support base of entrepreneurship, which should be regarded as a positive trend. This trend is will only be further consolidated if institutional and legislative ingress does not hinder its development.

Aim. The present study aims to identify and classify the prerequisites for the development of risk management and to determine trends in the elaboration of the managerial decisionmaking process aimed at improving the efficiency of business structures. Tasks. The authors provide a critical overview of various scientific approaches to defining the essence of the modern entrepreneurial risk and the nature of its effect on the development of business structures. Analytical tools are used to propose a modification to the existing provisions of risk monitoring with the purpose of reducing their negative impact on the functioning and development of business structures. Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition. Results. The study substantiates the need for a specialized professional approach to entrepreneurial risk management. This involves using conventional and new management tools, including monitoring of economic and noneconomic risks and integration of business structures and the government in the development of economic entities, improving their image and reputation. Conclusion. Under the effects of globalization as well as modern technological and scientific development, the importance of managerial activities in the field of risk management objectively grows at all stages of production. This involves complex work on reconsidering the basic foundations of risk management, from the implemented functions to the emergence of new professions dealing with risk.

The present study develops methodological approaches to securities quality assessment with due accounting for shareholders’ demands and the gnoseological potential of the neo-institutional paradigm. Aim. The study aims to analyze methodological approaches to object quality assessment with due accounting for the level of customer satisfaction, and to propose tools for calculating the securities quality index. Tasks. Using a similarity measure, the authors develop composite securities quality indices with due accounting for the specific aspects of the functioning of subjects in a knowledgebased economy; they substantiate the selection of the comparative base in light of the study’s working hypothesis; they propose tools for designing a securities market in accordance with informal rules of forming a measure of similarity of securities quality, as well as the demands of shareholders as consumers. Methods. In accordance with the working hypothesis, this study uses the methodological principles of the neo-institutional paradigm, along with certain analytical tools derived from the theories like the economics of quality, securities markets, investments, qualimetry, and general systems theory. Research methods used include general scientific methods and microeconomic modeling methods in accordance with the principles of neoclassical economics, as well as the comparative method, which involves a comparative study of space-time interactions. Results. Using a similarity measure, the authors develop composite securities quality indices with due accounting for the specific aspects of the functioning of securities market subjects in the context of a knowledge-based economy. Specific types of composite quality indices are introduced. Conclusion. This study presents a methodological approach to securities quality assessment using an investor’s decision-making model with due accounting for the nexus between the securities quality parameters and the comparative base parameters. The developed methodological approach can be used subject to certain constraints: (a) acknowledging the achievability of the maximum level of quality, (b) the symmetry of the similarity measure with regard to the quality parameters, (c) the comparative base parameters, and (d) the variability of securities quality. Liquidity, turnover, profitability, security, and risk are viewed as securities quality parameters, each with its own characteristics; the comparative base may be represented by similar parameters of shareholder (consumer) demands, a hypothetical securities sample formed by selecting the best quality parameters from the multitude of securities offered on the market, or the best securities sample from a group of analogs. The institution of securities quality assessment can be interpreted as a combination of formal and informal institutions pertaining to quality, as described in investors’ decision-making models.