Aim. To summarize and systematize the approaches available in the Russian scientific literature to the consideration of the ecosystem in economics and management, to highlight changes in the study of the main components of the economy due to the formation of the ecosystem, and to show the specifics of the contribution of ecosystems to the development of economic
processes.

   Objectives. To determine the approaches reflected in modern scientific Russian economic works to the consideration of the ecosystem in the context of economic development; to consider the types of ecosystem characteristic of the levels of the economy, as well as the specific features of its realization at each of them.

   Methods. The research was carried out in three stages. At the first stage, a query in the search system of the scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.RU according to the given parameters with the application of additional filters was performed. At the second stage, a register of fifty studies with the largest number of citations was formed as a result of ranking the works found within the search query by the number of citations, which were then evaluated on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria for substantive analysis. The third stage includes systematization and synthesis of the information obtained from the content analysis of the selected material.

   Results. The ecosystem acts as a new unit of economic analysis. From the position of economic development its role is defined by three components: 1) a form of economic interaction; 2) a mechanism of regulation; 3) a technology of business development. The ecosystem at the macro- and meso-levels has specific features. The macro level is characterized by a qualitative change in the state of the business environment, defined as ecosystem. The formation of synergetic effect of industry development is taking place on the basis of complementarity and coordination of companies within the ecosystem, while there is a shift from a clear distinction between them to a complex intertwining. The meso-level is characterized by the development of socio-economic ecosystems classified according to various features. Competition is carried out at the level of socio-economic ecosystems. From the position of the mesolevel, the effects consist in the emergence of new organizational and economic forms of social relations, such as business ecosystem, innovation ecosystem, entrepreneurial ecosystem, platform-based ecosystem. Obtaining the effects determines the feasibility of implementing the ecosystem approach, which is at the heart of the development of ecosystem economy based on collaboration.

   Conclusions. The concept of ecosystem in economics and management is in constant dynamic development, based on interdisciplinary research. Therefore, systematization and analysis of the accumulated experience allow us to identify common characteristics of its implementation in the economy for a deep understanding and designation of the ongoing qualitative changes. The main categories reflecting such qualitative changes in the economy are ecosystem economy and socio-economic ecosystem. At the same time, “ecosystemness” is considered as an actual modern condition necessary for development. 

   Aim. To show new economic opportunities and geopolitical risks for Russia, India and China through the opening of new trade routes, such as the Northern Sea Route and the North-South International Transport Corridor, as factors in the formation of multipolarity in the Arctic.

   Objectives. To analyze the extent to which new transport arteries will serve to reduce trade costs and improve economic ties between the People’s Republic of China (PRC), Russia and India; to assess whether new opportunities for cooperation between Russia and the leading countries of the Asia-Pacific region will be created in the near future.

   Methods. The research methodology is based on analyzing a list of key Chinese projects in the Arctic over the past ten years and a list of key Indian projects over the past five years.

   Results. The priorities of China and India in their interaction with Russia in the Arctic direction are demonstrated. Thus, China is actively promoting the concept of the Polar Silk Road (PSR). The PSP is a continuation of the Chinese initiative “One Belt, One Road” in the Arctic, which in 2013. Xi Jinping proclaimed to revitalize East-West trade along the historic Silk Road route.
The development of alternative routes for China is also important in terms of the “Malacca dilemma,” that is, China’s vulnerability to maritime blockade due to the limited number of alternative routes and potential control by outside powers. India, for its part, is lobbying for another project, the INSTC (International North-South Transport Corridor), which acts as an alternative to China’s One Belt, One Road initiative but also provides a 25-day trade route from Russia.

   Conclusions. The list of large-scale projects being implemented by China to develop Arctic resources over the past ten years demonstrates a high interest in preserving the Polar region as a territory of constructive dialog and mutually beneficial cooperation. The sphere of mutual cooperation with China in the Arctic is wide: shipbuilding, timber industry, fuel and energy complex (FEC), nuclear power, and industrial equipment. Cooperation with India is developing in a somewhat different aspect; the list of India’s key Arctic projects in the Arctic is less voluminous than that with China. The projects are mainly focused on the resource potential of the Arctic fuel and energy complex. The impression is that India is trying to seek benefits for itself more than working with Russia on the terms of a mutually beneficial partnership. In addition, India has received an invitation to join NATO, which demonstrates the existence of favorable relations with the alliance.

   Aim. To study the coevolutionary-convergent potential formed by synergetic integration of Industry 5.0 technologies and ESG principles, as well as to conceptualize this potential as a driver of industrial growth of the Russian economy in a multipolar world.

   Objectives. Clarification of the concept of “co-evolutionary-convergent potential” and its implementation in relation to ESG-development version 5.0 in a multipolar world; identification of trends and tendencies in the formation of co-evolutionary-convergent potential of ESG 5.0 on the basis of bibliometric analysis; assessment of opportunities and challenges of the potential impact of co-evolutionary-convergent potential of ESG 5.0 on economic growth in Russia.

   Methods. The research was conducted using the scientific method of systematic review and meta-analysis according to the PRISMA model. Methods and tools of bibliometric analysis were used, including VosViewer, biblioshiny in R-environment and Lens analytics. ChatGPT-4 model was applied as an intelligent assistant for analyzing and structuring information.

   Results. The key trends and tendencies of ESG 5.0 co-evolutionary and convergent potential formation were revealed. The analysis of the relationship between the concepts of “Industry 5.0” and “ESG” was carried out, the most productive authors and organizations, as well as the main directions of research were identified. The significant role of ESG 5.0 in stimulating sus-
tainable and innovative growth of the Russian economy was confirmed.

   Conclusions. The coevolutionary and convergent potential of ESG 5.0 is of great importance for promoting industrial growth and sustainable development of the Russian economy. In order to realize this potential, it is necessary to create appropriate infrastructure, adapt the regulatory environment and increase investment in research and development.

   Aim. To consider the impact of the current policy of sovereignty of the socio-economic system on the processes of ensuring Russia’s economic security in the conditions of increasing sanctions pressure of the collective West and increasing geopolitical and geo-economic turbulence provoked by the transformation of the unipolar world order.

   Objectives. To describe the mechanism of influence of Western sanctions on the state of economic security of the Russian Federation (RF); to analyze the state of the national economy in modern conditions and to propose a system of measures to buy the negative external impact, to ensure an acceptable level of economic security, guaranteeing the process of further economic growth in the long term; to propose directions of transformation of economic policy in order to increase the sustainability of the national economic system and qualitativec

   Methods. We used general scientific methods of research (synthesis, generalization, content analysis, graphical interpretation of data, etc.), as well as methods of strategic, situational, correlation and regression analysis, expert assessments, calculation and analytical methods.

   Results. The transition to a multipolar world order, which began in the last decade, provoked an unprecedented surge of geopolitical and geo-economic turbulence caused by the rethinking of their own national interests by a significant number of dynamically developing countries that are not part of the privileged caste of the “golden billion”. In response to the emerging threats of losing its dominance in the world, the collective West began to widely implement a policy of containment of the leaders of this movement, identifying Russia’s socio-economic system as a primary aim. It imposed unprecedented economic sanctions on our country, forcing it to launch a special military operation (SMO) in 2022, the costs of which were to stop the economic growth observed in recent years. The economic war declared by the anti-Russian coalition was designed to destabilize the socio-economic situation in the country and cause a change of political regime. However, the economic system of the Russian Federation was able to demonstrate high adaptive capacity and high stability, which is ensured by the effective and adequate to the realities anti-sanctions policy, which includes systematic and purposeful activities of economic entities to ensure the level of economic security of Russia, guaranteeing the progressive and expanded development of the country’s economy in the long term.

   Conclusions. The problem of Russia’s economic security in the conditions of increasing negative external impact only increases the urgency and requires increased attention from representatives of expert and scientific communities, since the subjects called to carry out the process of ensuring economic security of the country have an urgent need for scientific and methodological support of their activities and the development of recommendations for the effective solution of the tasks set before them to create conditions for further economic growth. Achievement of target indicators of security of the Russian economy is in correlation with the stability and reliability of the national economic system, the degree of activity of its economic agents and the adequacy of modern realities of the socio-economic policy pursued by the state leadership, comprehensive sovereignty of which is defined for the long term as a key vector of development of all spheres of social life of the country and a prerequisite for maintaining independence and international subjectness.

   Aim. To develop a methodology for assessing technological sovereignty in the context of ensuring Russia’s economic security under sanctions.

   Objectives. To analyze domestic theoretical developments in the field of technological sovereignty research; to identify the relationship between political and economic turbulence caused by sanctions, technological sovereignty and national economic security; to describe the author’s
methodology for assessing technological sovereignty in the context of ensuring Russia’s economic security under sanctions.

   Methods. The study used general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, analogies, expert evaluations. Special methods, including content analysis of economic publications, index method, economic and statistical modeling, structural analysis of economic indicators, methods of multi-criteria decision-making, scaling of economic indicators, etc., were applied.

   Results. Based on the results of the research, a new methodology for assessing the level of technological sovereignty as an element of national economic security under the impact of non-economic shocks has been developed. The methodology is realized by working out the following actions: 1) selecting the industry to assess the level of technological sovereignty (at this step of the methodology it is recommended to select only critically important industries); 2) decomposition of technologies used in the industry (for this purpose it is recommended to use the taxonomy of technological sovereignty projects of VEB.RF); 3) expert assessment of the level of technological independence of primary processes (the assessment is carried out on a ten-point scale, where 0 corresponds to full technological import dependence, 10 - to full technological import-independence); 4) assessment of the level of technological independence of primary processes (the assessment is carried out on a ten-point scale, where 0 corresponds to full technological import dependence, 10 - to full technological import-independence); 4) assessment of the level of technological sovereignty of primary processes).

   Conclusions. Technological sovereignty in the conditions of increasing anti-Russian sanctions and political and economic turbulence serves as an important element in the system of ensuring national economic security. To assess the level of technological sovereignty the corresponding methodology is proposed. The results obtained from its application allow to develop and implement a set of measures to maintain technological sovereignty at the necessary level.

   Aim. To identify and analyze the relationship between the processes of development of higher education institutions and socio-economic development of the country, including their territorial aspects, taking into account a more accurate understanding of the role of university complexes in the socio-economic development of the country and their impact on the growth potential of the economy in a multipolar world, as well as a comprehensive assessment of their functioning and development.

   Objectives. Comprehensive assessment of the functioning of university complexes; identification of strengths and weaknesses of the work of universities, not only providing quality education for young people, but also being centers of scientific research, innovative development and
cultural exchange; identification of directions for improving their interaction with the regions.

   Methods. The authors used such methods of scientific research as review of scientific publications, description and analysis. These methods together allow to achieve the aim of the study, to give a complete and objective view of the problem under consideration.

   Results. The multifaceted role of university complexes in socio-economic development is considered. The authors have highlighted the most significant aspects of the contribution of university complexes in increasing the growth potential of the economy of our country and regions.

   Conclusions. University complexes play an important role in socio-economic development: they contribute to the development of the education system as a whole, increase the efficiency of scientific research and creation of innovative technologies, economic recovery and cultural enrichment of the country. Due to their multifaceted activities, universities play a key role in creating a favorable economic environment and ensure sustainable development of regions. Attention is drawn to the need to expand and deepen the interaction between higher education and institutions of socio-economic development, including regional universities, employers and their associations, territorial governments, leading universities of the country in order for education to become an effective tool for qualitative improvement of economic growth potential and its innovative development.

   Aim. To determine the prospects of youth entrepreneurship development in Russian universities in the context of interaction between universities, business and the state.

   Objectives. To analyze the modern trends of innovative development in Russia; to identify specific features of the development of small innovative entrepreneurship and youth entrepreneurship in universities; to offer recommendations for improving organizational forms, technologies
of activation of entrepreneurial activity in universities in the context of interaction between universities, business and the state.

   Methods. The authors used the methods of analyzing statistical data, comparative analysis.

   Results. The article analyzes the trends in the development of small innovative entrepreneurship in universities, including the regional specificity expressed in the sign of fragmented effectiveness of various organizational forms and technologies. The analysis of modern forms of support for entrepreneurial activity of young people is also carried out. The main problems are revealed, the author’s vision of the prospects of youth entrepreneurship development in universities in the context of building a system of interaction between universities, business and the state is formed.

   Conclusions. The authors have defined the prospects and proposed organizational forms and technologies for activating the processes of youth entrepreneurship development in modern universities. Among them are the development of networking of universities, business and the state, the implementation of projects of public-private partnerships and the development of communication platforms.

   Aim. To formulate approaches to institutional regulation and preventive response to risks associated with the use of artificial intelligence technologies in science and higher education organizations on the basis of compliance.

   Objectives. To determine the elements of compliance system aimed at reducing the risks of using artificial intelligence; to identify the trends of institutional development related to the integration of generative artificial intelligence technologies in scientific and educational and administrative and management processes.

   Methods. The issues of adaptation of institutional mechanisms of modern higher education to the challenges of technological development are investigated on the basis of system, risk-oriented, logical and structural approaches of scientific knowledge. The methods of analysis, synthesis and classification were applied to form the elements of compliance-system of artificial intelligence.

   Results. The concept of artificial intelligence compliance is designed to expand the strategy of digital transformation of higher education organizations by introducing new objects into the subject area of management, in particular, the risks of artificial intelligence technologies, as well as the development of protective, regulatory and information-management functions. Methods compliance allows to create organizational mechanisms that provide protection of higher education and science organizations from unfair behavior of subjects in the field of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence compliance in higher education should ensure the protection of human rights and freedoms, compliance with the rules of academic honesty and scientific integrity, assessment of the reliability of artificial intelligence systems in the educational process, protection of personal data and confidential information, copyright protection, counteraction to data falsification and cybercrime.

   Conclusions. Proactive management on the basis of compliance methodology will reduce the risks of implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in the activities of universities and will help to effectively adapt to the challenges of technological development.

   Aim. To study the possibilities and prospects of attracting specialists without basic medical education (“non-medical”) to medical organizations, as well as to identify specific features of managing this group of employees in the conditions of modernization of the national health care.

   Objectives. To analyze the necessity of attracting “non-medics”, specific features of organization of their labor activity in the health care system, as well as specific features of management of such specialists in medical organizations; to study the expert opinion of the medical community on attracting “non-medics”; to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the possibilities of attracting “non-medics”; to formulate conclusions relevant for the management of medical organizations regarding the issues of management of personnel with non-medical education.

   Methods. In the theoretical part of the research the author applied methods of generalized analysis and synthesis, complementarity and system approach, methods of content analysis of scientific sources, as well as statistical data on specialists with non-medical education (form of federal statistical observation (FFSO) No. 30 for 2013–2023). The methodological basis for obtaining primary information was an expert survey based on the application of semi-structured interviews, analysis of cause-effect relationships and systematization of data. The method of visualization of the obtained results was also used.

   Results. In the conditions of ongoing modernization and optimization of medical organizations, introduction of innovative methods and new standards, as well as the ongoing widespread digitalization, experts confirmed the necessity and validity of attracting “non-medics”. In their opinion, “non-medics” can be “painlessly” transferred technical tasks, functions of a hall manager (administrator), and organizational issues. It is reasonable to include in their functionality the work related to appointment planning and patient routing.

   Conclusions. The work of medical organizations, management processes and implemented formats of medical care are undergoing significant transformations, which are associated with both new digital opportunities and implemented methods and formats of medical care. This requires dif-
ferent approaches not only at the level of general management, but also the involvement of new “non-core” medical specialists who have the appropriate competencies and are able to improve the efficiency of medical organizations and facilitate their work. However, many questions on the involvement of “non-medical professionals” still remain open. The present study is a kind of iteration, will find answers to a number of questions on the basis of the author’s research in the context of the stated topic.

   Aim. To propose an author’s approach to assessing the intellectual potential of medical organizations in the conditions of modern modernization, introduction of innovations, digitalization, change of formats and standards of medical care, as well as existing socio-economic transformations and challenges.

   Objectives. To analyze the existing approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “intellectual potential of organizations”; to systematize the main structural components of intellectual capital and the potential of each employee and the development of the organization as a whole; to propose a comprehensive approach to assessing the intellectual potential of medical organizations; to theses formulate conclusions relevant for management and human resource management in a medical organization.

   Methods. The author used methods of general analysis and synthesis, empirical and analytical methods, system and process approaches, expert assessments and generalizations, classifications, abstraction, comparison, visualization, as well as modeling and iteration. The methods of content analysis of scientific sources were applied, different methodological approaches were studied in the context of definitions of the concepts of “intellectual capital” and “intellectual potential” in the modern conditions of development of organizations. The methodological basis for the construction of an integrated approach to the assessment of intellectual potential of medical organizations was provided by the variants of descriptive review of scientific publications (articles, monographs, periodicals), monitoring studies devoted to this topic.

   Results. The author’s approach to the integrated assessment of intellectual potential based on the calculation of the integral indicator, developed procedures for selecting the necessary indicators and statistical data was proposed. The developed methodology makes it possible to assess the intellectual potential of an organization in the format of visualization of calculated indicators and markers of the “traffic light” type in the conditions of industry modernization, development of innovations and information technologies in domestic medicine at the level of individual medical organizations.

   Conclusions. The rapid intellectualization of all branches of activity and a significant increase in the share of intellectualization of work, based on the mental functions of an individual in the performance of professional duties, require new approaches to the assessment of intellectual potential. Medicine, as one of the most knowledge-intensive spheres of activity, applying the latest technologies and know-how in the provision of medical care, should pay special attention to the monitoring of intellectual potential not only at the level of medical organization, but also of each individual (employee). The key scientific task is the formation of approaches that will improve the efficiency of medical organizations in order to implement competent management decisions (including at the level of personnel management) to unlock the intellectual potential of each employee.

   Aim. To establish the specifics of interaction between the factors of economic growth of the Murmansk Oblast and Russia as a whole using the methodological potential of production functions.

   Objectives. To evaluate the possibilities of building production function models for the Murmansk Oblast and Russia as a whole; to build and study adequate models of the production function type for the Murmansk Oblast and Russia as a whole.

   Methods. The constructed methodology is based on the verification of the initial hypothesis about the possibility of building an adequate model of the production function type for the subjects of the Russian Federation (RF) and Russia as a whole. At the first stage, the dynamics of gross regional product (GRP) and economic growth factors (investment in fixed capital, the value of fixed assets and the number of employees) were analyzed, which reflects significant differences in the behavior of these indicators for the Murmansk Oblast and Russia as a whole. Aiming to test the hypothesis about the possibility of constructing production functions for the Murmansk Oblast and Russia as a whole, Pearson correlation coefficients between GRP and production factors for 2000-2022 were calculated. Further it was supposed to construct a series of models of the production function type. The indicative production function and the Cobb-Douglas production function were considered. The best model was selected using Akaike’s information criterion adjusted for small samples.

   Results. It was found that for Russia as a whole the mutual behavior of the main factors of economic growth (labor and capital) fits into the generally accepted ideas: there is a significant positive relationship between GRP and factors of production. Accordingly, for Russia it becomes possible to construct classical models of GRP production in the form of production functions. The hypothesis about the possibility of building production functions for the Murmansk Oblast was not confirmed; the models were created only for Russia as a whole.

   Conclusions. Based on the study of a series of models in the form of the indicative production function and the Cobb-Douglas function, the growing nature of the Russian economy, elasticity parameters for the number of employed and investment in fixed capital are established. The fact of unbalanced interaction of the main factors of production in the Murmansk Oblast did not confirm the hypothesis for this region. The reasons for the imbalance should be sought in the specifics of regional production processes.

   Aim. On the basis of the analysis of the conditions of innovation policy implementation and instructions of the President of Russia on strengthening its realization to build a logical-functional model of moderation of interaction between the participants of the regional innovation system (RIS).

   Objectives. To consider the organizational principles contributing to the effective moderation of interaction between the authorities of the regional innovation system participants on the basis of innovation policy.

   Methods. The authors used the methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as governmental normative-legal documents and state standards.

   Results. A set of basic principles of moderation of interaction between the participants of the regional innovation system is defined: principles of public administration in the aspect of scientific and technological development of the region, principles of innovative development of the economy of the subject of the Russian Federation (RF), principles of effective communication, principles of network-centered management, principles of innovation management. Taking into account the proposed set of basic principles with the use of PDCA-cycle in view of the integration of innovation management in public administration, a two-loop logical-functional model of moderation of the participants of the regional innovation system on the basis of innovation policy is formed. This will allow to develop flexible organizational measures of moderation of interaction between the participants of the innovation system.

   Conclusions. Aiming at the possibility of developing flexible organizational measures of moderation of interaction between the participants of the innovation system, the logical-functional model of moderation of interaction between the participants of the regional innovation system is proposed, which is distinguished by the complex application of basic principles of public administration in the aspect of scientific and technological development of the region, principles of innovative development of the economy of the subject of the Russian Federation. The principles of effective communication, principles of network-centric management, principles of innovation management and two-circuit configuration of organizational actions of authorities with the application of PDCA-cycle based on the integration of innovation management in public administration are used.