Aim. This work aimed to substantiate the impossibility of assessing the quality of scientific research using a single universal system of indicators and demonstrate that accurate assessment requires an analysis of the interrelationships between the aim, process, and result over time, taking into account the specifics of the research field and the nature of scientific cognition.

Objectives. The work seeks to analyze the limitations of approaches that rely solely on outcomebased quality assessment; to identify the causes of the methodological inconsistency of the result-centric model; to consider the differences between fundamental and applied research that influence the choice of quality indicators and the impossibility of creating a universal system of metrics; to characterize the quality of the scientific research process, including methodological rigor, reproducibility, the specifics of dealing with negative results, and the influence of initial conditions; as well as to substantiate a trajectory model for assessing the quality of scientific research and demonstrate its advantages over linear and one-dimensional assessment systems.

Methods. The study is based on a methodological analysis of the structure of scientific cognition, a comparison of types of results in fundamental and applied fields, a logical and conceptual analysis of research activity, a case study of historical scientific experiments (Michelson-Morley, OPERA, the Manhattan Project, the development of information theory, CRISPR, etc.), and a synthesis of philosophical and scientific-methodological approaches to assessing the quality of science.

Results. The analysis revealed that the quality of scientific research is a multidimensional characteristic, including the aim quality, the process quality, and the result quality, and cannot be adequately expressed through a single universal system of indicators. It was established that the research result, whether positive, negative, or delayed, is not an autonomous criterion of quality and should be assessed solely through the original aim achievement degree and the correctness of the methodological approach. It has been revealed that process quality, determined by the rigorous selection of methods, reproducibility of procedures, and attention to errors and anomalies, can be a more significant indicator of scientific integrity than the apparent success of the result. A trajectory-based model for assessing the research quality is proposed, taking into account initial conditions, nonlinear development, and the specifics of the subject field.

Conclusions. An accurate assessment of the quality of scientific research is possible through the simultaneous analysis of the aim, process, and result as elements of a single research trajectory. Only their mutual consistency allows for an objective assessment of the project scientific value. The trajectory approach provides a more methodologically robust basis for assessing the scientific quality, eliminates false interpretations of «success» and «failure», and enables to adapt the indicator framework to various types of research, including fundamental and applied research. This approach creates the conditions for the development of scientific schools, maintaining methodological rigor, and ensuring a balance between epistemic contribution and practical significance.

Aim. This work aimed to develop and validate a methodological approach to predictive modeling that, through the use of hybrid models (combining machine learning, statistical modeling, and expert systems), improves forecast accuracy and decision stability in the context of high data uncertainty and variability.

Objectives. The work seeks to analyze Russian and international experience in applying data mining in the bioeconomy and oil and gas industries; to identify the limitations of individual methods (statistical models and neural networks) in forecasting complex nonlinear processes; to develop hybrid models for typical tasks, such as crop yield forecasting, assessing the potential for biotechnological waste processing, forecasting oil and gas production, and optimizing supply chains; and to evaluate their effectiveness compared to traditional approaches.

Methods. The comparative study was conducted using open international databases (FAO, IEA, World Bank), corporate reporting (e.g., Shell, Gazprom Neft), and strategic documents. Hybrid models were applied to each case, namely statistical methods and machine learning algorithms were supplemented with expert rules. Data cleaning and reconstruction (including Bayesian missing data imputation), indicator normalization, and subsequent model training (gradient boosting, random forest, recurrent neural networks, etc.) were performed, incorporating expert knowledge at the model setup stage.

Results. The proposed hybrid models demonstrated consistent advantages over traditional and single-model forecasting methods. There were improved accuracy and stability of results under conditions of limited, incomplete, and noisy data. Application of the developed approach to problems in the agro-industrial complex, biotechnological processing, and the oil and gas sector demonstrated its versatility and adaptability to various data types and production scenarios. The use of hybrid solutions improves forecasting efficiency, optimizes resource and logistics processes, and reduces operational risks. Positive economic and environmental effects are evident at the industry level, which are consistent with trends in international sustainable production and data management practices.

Conclusions. Hybrid intelligent systems have demonstrated high efficiency and potential for strategic planning and operational management in the context of the global energy transition and biotechnological transformation. They provide more accurate and reliable forecasts, help reduce costs and risks, as well as improve the adaptability of managing the complex production and economic systems. The study results confirm the feasibility of widespread implementation of hybrid models in the bioeconomy and oil and gas industries, which will contribute to achieving goals of sustainable development and technological sovereignty.

Aim. This work aimed to assess the current state of forestry and the forest industry in Russia.

Objectives. The work seeks to analyze the key indicators characterizing the state and level of development of forestry and the forest industry in Russia; based on the assessment results, to identify problematic issues and development prospects in this field.

Methods. The study is based on the principles of systemic, institutional, and structural-functional analysis, providing a holistic view of the forestry complex. The authors used comparative, retrospective, and factor analysis, as well as content analysis of regulatory and strategic documents.

Results. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the state and development trends of forestry and the forest industry in Russia under current conditions. An assessment was conducted of timber stockpiling volumes, timber export and processing trends, industry revenues, and the effectiveness of implementing strategic development trends for the period up to 2030. Particular attention was paid to environmental aspects of management in the sector under study, the impact of climate change, and the scope of forest ecosystem restoration. Key challenge were identified, including low levels of deep processing, insufficient investment, and persistently high levels of illegal activity. The need for increased digitalization of the forestry complex, infrastructure modernization, the implementation of innovative sustainable forest management technologies, and an increase in the industry’s social significance was substantiated.

Conclusions. An analysis of the current state of forestry and the forest industry in Russia shows that this sector remains an important segment of the national economy, possessing significant potential for sustainable growth and the development of exports, including those with high added value. Despite positive trends, the industry faces a number of systemic challenges. Within the implementation of the Strategy for the Development of the Russian Forestry Complex until 2030, measures aimed at digitalizing the industry, increasing the share of advanced wood processing, modernizing the transport infrastructure, and improving personnel skills are of particular importance. According to the authors’ standpoint, comprehensive development in these strategic areas will contribute to the achievement of multifaceted goals, namely increasing labor productivity and economic efficiency, enhancing the export potential of timber products, preserving and restoring biological resources, and minimizing the negative impacts of climate change. Achieving these goals requires comprehensive collaboration between the government, business, and the scientific community, focused on innovation, adherence to the principles of sustainable forest management, and effective natural resource management.

Aim. This work aimed to substantiate a system of principles for ensuring the effectiveness of charitable services provided by companies in the context of digitalization.

Objectives. The work seeks to develop principles to improve the manageability and sustainability of companies in the social sector, as well as to facilitate the development of transparent mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of charitable services; to substantiate the impact of digital transformation on improving the quality and accessibility of charitable services, as well as reducing the costs of their provision.

Methods. We applied general scientific research methods, namely content analysis of scientific publications, comparative analysis, and systematization of scientific sources. In order to substantiate the results obtained, quantitative methods and models for assessing the effectiveness of the formation and development of charitable services were used.

Results. Principles for the provision of charitable services by companies have been developed, including a balanced approach to the reproduction stages of charitable services, positive synergies between various types of services, the use of precise quantitative methods and models, institutional verification, comprehensive digitalization of the processes of generation and development of charitable services, and minimizing the elasticity of the influence of internal and external financial and economic determinants on the provision of charitable services.

Conclusions. Some of the recommendations and suggestions outlined in the article can be useful to companies developing and providing charitable services, as well as to specialists studying issues related to charitable services and conducting research in this field across various sectors.

Aim. This work aimed to investigate the issue of defining the boundaries of key performance indicators (KPIs) for a logistics service evaluation system.

Objectives. The work seeks to analyze and systematize existing approaches to defining KPI boundary values for small entrepreneurship logistics service systems; to propose a conceptual model for defining KPI boundary values based on the dynamic interaction between the logistics system development and decision-maker transformation; to identify and characterize the driving forces of the goal-setting process through development of practical recommendations for managing them to ensure sustainable development.

Methods. The study employed a set of methodological approaches, namely comparative and critical analysis, interdisciplinary synthesis, conceptual modeling, and qualitative case study analysis.

Results. A concept of the existential-managerial nature of goal-setting has been developed, demonstrating that defining the KPI boundaries of a logistics service system is not a technicaleconomic, but a psychological-managerial task. The application of an interdisciplinary analogy with the multiworld interpretation of quantum physics is substantiated, allowing the management process to be modeled as a sequence of irreversible «branchings of reality». The cyclical nature of the mutual interaction between goal achievement and decision-maker transformation has been established. Three key driving forces of goal-setting were identified and systematized, which are ambition, greed, and mindfulness. The work discovered a critical point where healthy ambitions transition to greed, which determines the vector of a company’s development. It also demonstrated the impossibility of creating a universal mathematical formula for calculating ideal KPI boundaries for a logistics service system due to the predominance of psychological aspects over formal algorithms.

Conclusions. The KPI boundaries of a logistics service system represent not a technical and economic task, but an existential and managerial one, in which psychological aspects prevail over mathematical calculations. A cyclical interaction between the logistics system development and the transformation of decision makers has been established. It was substantiated that the KPI system effectiveness is determined by the balance of three opposing forces, which are ambition, greed, and mindfulness. The concept of «conscious stability» has been developed as an alternative development path focused on qualitative process improvement rather than quantitative growth. The work provides recommendations for practical application.

Aim. The work aimed to understand comprehensively the mechanisms for integrating cognitive and visual technologies in the context of digital management, as well as to study the transformation of management practices in the fields of economics, healthcare, education, and public administration, through the synergy of artificial intelligence and computer vision.

Objectives. The work seeks to clarify the conceptual framework, systematize, and analyze modern cases of implementing cognitive-visual solutions; identify management effects and obstacles to their application; and develop recommendations for improving the effectiveness of such integrations in practice.

Methods. The study methodological basis includes an analysis of Russian and international scientific and analytical literature for 2018–2025, a study of regulatory and strategic documents, and a comparison of Russian and international experience. A case study approach was used to assess the impact of integrating cognitive and visual systems on process efficiency, decisionmaking accuracy, and service quality.

Results. The results demonstrate that the use of cognitive and visual technologies significantly increases the efficiency of business processes, improves the accuracy and speed of diagnostic procedures in healthcare, enhances analytical capabilities in the economy, and facilitates the personalization of educational practices. Common barriers to implementation were also identified. These include a lack of high-quality labeled data, the need to modernize IT infrastructure, a shortage of qualified personnel, resistance to organizational change, and the lack of regulation of the ethical and legal aspects of using AI and visual data.

Conclusions. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that the integration of cognitive and visual systems is not a temporary technological trend, but rather the sustainable development of a new management paradigm. In this paradigm, machine intelligence and visual perception collaborate closely with humans who act as interpreters, controllers, and strategic supervisors. The potential of these technologies consists in providing a sustainable competitive advantage for individual organizations and countries as a whole in the digital economy, with a comprehensive and ethically sound approach to their implementation.

Aim. The work aimed to develop a method for determining maximum permissible dividend payout ratios when developing an enterprise’s financial strategy for various market environment scenarios, as well as this method implementation algorithm.

Objectives. The work seeks to substantiate the proposed approach to assessing the impact of market environment instability on an enterprise’s key financial indicators; recommend considering the criterion of ensuring the amount of equity capital necessary to achieve the desired market share while meeting financial stability requirements when determining maximum permissible dividend payout ratios; and develop an algorithm for determining maximum permissible dividend payout ratios that includes feedback loops to verify the achievability of the target market share, as well as the need and feasibility of using the financial leverage.

Methods. The study was conducted using logical and systems approaches, employing methods of comparative, factor, and graphical analysis, synthesis, logical-mathematical and dynamic models, as well as graphical visualization. The authors considered the fundamental tenets of economic theory, financial management, and financial risk management, as well as scientific papers by Russian and international authors, published in peer-reviewed journals from international scientometric databases, and proceedings of national and international scientific and practical conferences on financial management.

Results. A method for determining the maximum permissible values of the dividend payout ratio and dividend payout fund when formulating an enterprise’s financial strategy for various market environment scenarios has been developed. This method is based on determining the amount of equity capital required to achieve the required level of capital, taking into account sufficient financial leverage of the capital stock, to achieve the target market share. It is implemented using an algorithm that assumes the presence of feedback loops to verify the achievability of the target market share, as well as the need and feasibility of applying financial leverage.

Conclusions. The authors’ proposed methodological principles for determining the maximum permissible values of the dividend payout ratio for the purposes of formulating a dividend policy within the context of developing a financial strategy advance the theoretical and methodological basis for managing enterprise capital using new digital technologies and can serve as the basis for the practical creation of effective financial management systems at enterprises in the real sector of the economy.

Aim. This work aimed to substantiate approaches to examining international experience in distributing revenue from organizing and conducting state lotteries as an appropriate basis for identifying the most effective models for regulating lottery activities.

Objectives. The work seeks to identify the hierarchy of essential features of lottery activities, including the initial one that determines the content of others; to justify the choice of the subject of a comparative analysis of lottery regulation in a representative number of countries; to identify commonalities and differences in the system of factors determining the structure of lottery revenue distribution in the considered models for regulating the organization and conduct of lotteries.

Methods. Using general scientific methods, approaches to a comparative analysis of lottery legislation in a representative number of jurisdictions in continental Europe, the United Kingdom, North America, South America, and Australia are substantiated in various aspects.

Results. The work presents a hierarchy of essential characteristics of lottery activity, substantiating the initial characteristic that determines the others, namely the legal regulation of this activity. The choice of national systems of lottery legislation as the main subject of a comparative analysis of models of lottery regulation is substantiated. The key factors determining the legislatively established structure of lottery revenue distribution in all jurisdictions are identified. Approaches are proposed that can be used to generate the criteria for the effectiveness of legal models for regulating lottery activity and analyze the compliance of Russian lottery legislation with these criteria.

Conclusions. The presented analysis results of legislative regulation of lottery revenue distribution in various jurisdictions demonstrated that the model of such regulation is multifactorial. Therefore, applying the international experience to determining the structure of lottery revenue distribution is only possible through a comprehensive study of lottery legislation. Adopting the legal mechanism for establishing this structure without considering its underlying rationale and the way this structure defines the quantitative determination of its individual components would imply the mechanical incorporation of the norms of other legal systems into Russian lottery legislation. Research into the mechanisms of legal regulation of lottery activities in a representative number of jurisdictions led to the conclusion that the assessment of applicability in the Russian Federation of international experience in lottery revenue distribution should be based on the proposed approaches.

Aim. This work aimed to develop a multilevel system of international settlements for the Russian Federation, adapted to modern challenges and taking into account the country’s strategic interests.

Objectives. The work seeks to systematize the fundamental changes in the global financial architecture, that make the previous model of Russia’s integration into the global financial system ineffective; to formulate the basic principles for constructing a new system based on theories of financial security and sovereignty; and to develop the foundations of a multilevel system of international settlements for Russia.

Methods. General scientific methods were used to review the processes of de-dollarization, fragmentation, and financial risks in various aspects, and international experience in constructing alternative settlement systems was compared to identify the key success factors.

Results. An original eight-level model of the international settlements system has been developed. The model represents not just a list of elements, but a system where the strategic, regional, sectoral, institutional, technological, currency, regulatory, and operational levels are interconnected by vertical and diagonal links. It is mainly characterized by its incorporation of adaptability and proactivity principles, where the system is designed not only to respond to threats but also to shape actively a new financial reality, while feedback mechanisms allow it to evolve flexibly based on practical experience and data analysis.

Conclusions. Piecewise measures to strengthen financial sovereignty have their limits. A comprehensive, systemic approach is necessary for a qualitative breakthrough. The proposed multilevel system serves as the foundation for implementing such an approach, as it ensures a transition from reacting to external challenges to proactive creation of a sustainable, diversified, and technologically independent settlement system that meets Russia’s strategic interests in the emerging multipolar world.

Aim. The work aimed to examine the principles of implementing a data management mechanism to support management decision making in software development companies.

Objectives. The work seeks to outline the stages of implementing a data management mechanism; identify the necessary conditions for implementing the mechanism; define requirements for a data management committee; formulate requirements for developing business unit strategies; and construct an example of the target organizational structure of a full-cycle software development company.

Methods. The research methodology is based on an integrated approach, including an analysis of the specifics of software development companies’ operations and organizational and technological data management tools, followed by a synthesis of the results obtained for designing the target organizational structure and mechanisms for adapting corporate strategies. A key element is the consistent application of analysis, synthesis, and generalization methods aimed at developing a theoretical model and practical recommendations for forming a management committee and implementing a data management mechanism to support decision making in software development companies.

Results. In accordance with the stated aim, we developed principles for implementing a data management mechanism to support management decision-making in software development companies. The scientific results were obtained, namely a four-stage model for implementing a data management mechanism was developed, including sequential strategy formation, infrastructure creation, automation of programmable decisions, and support for non-programmable decisions; key conditions for successful implementation of the mechanism were identified, and requirements for the competencies and authority of the data management committee were formulated; requirements for the development of business unit strategies were established, ensuring their alignment with the overall data management strategy; and a target organizational structure for a full-cycle software development company was constructed, integrating the technological and organizational components of data management.

Conclusions. The data management mechanism aims to overcome the traditional fragmentation between technological and organizational approaches to data management in software development companies. The theoretical significance of this work consists in the industry specification of universal data management frameworks taking into account the specifics of the software development lifecycle, while the practical value consists in the creation of ready-made tools for improving the validity of management decisions and generation of a competitive advantage.

Aim. This work aimed to identify the key stages and factors in the transition of football clubs from social associations to commercial organizations.

Objectives. The study seeks to analyze the historical and legal prerequisites for the transformation of football clubs; to systematize organizational and legal reforms; to identify the drivers of commercialization; and to assess the impact of digital transformation and globalization on the current functioning of the industry.

Methods. The study is based on a historical-analytical approach with elements of comparative and institutional analysis. The analysis of scientific articles, systematization of data on the development of football in various countries, as well as tables summarizing regulatory changes and industry characteristics were used.

Results. The transformation of football clubs was multifactorial and gradual. Initial social stratification, followed by the active inclusion of the working class, created extensive demand. The legalization of players’ professional status, accompanied by waves of corporatization in various countries (England, Italy, Spain), provided the legal basis for the industry commercialization. Key external factors include deregulation of the media market, the creation of the English Premier League, the Bosman case, and the global sponsorship strategies of the International Federation of Football Associations (FIFA). In the modern era, digitalization has become a new tool for increasing revenue, fostering fan engagement, but has also increased the clubs’ dependence on technology platforms.

Conclusions. The successful transformation of football clubs into commercial organizations required a synergy between social demand, an adaptive legal framework, and global commercial impulses. It is concluded that an economic model for football clubs is emerging, in which revenue growth is accompanied by increased financial risks and debt burden.

Aim. This work aimed to select a system of principles, criteria, and indicators for assessing the development of integration processes within the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and identifying the growing threats of disintegration and conflict within the EAEU.

Objectives. The work seeks to study the systems of principles, criteria, and indicators used to assess the functioning of international integration associations, with consideration of their applicability to ensuring the economic security of integration processes within the EAEU.

Methods. We used methods of content analysis and logical-semantic analysis to systematize the conceptual framework and select principles, criteria, and indicators for conceptualizing a system for ensuring the security of integration processes within the EAEU. A systemic, process, and stakeholder approaches were used to select principles, criteria, and indicators.

Results. Emphasis is placed on the need to use groups of principles, criteria, and indicators that take into account the EAEU as a complex socio-economic system, integration as a process, as well as the general and specific interests of economic relations entities within the EAEU. The work identified groups of principles, criteria, and indicators that allow for the analysis and assessment of the state and changes in integration processes occurring within the EAEU, as well as the growth of threats that impact negatively such integration processes.

Conclusions. Ensuring the economic security of integration processes occurring within the EAEU requires the use of three groups of principles, criteria, and indicators that take into account the institutional systemic characteristics of the EAEU, the process-based nature of integration, and the economic interests of economic actors that differ from the national interests of the general population of the EAEU member states. Based on this, the principles, criteria, and indicators that must be used to ensure the economic security of integration processes occurring within the EAEU are formulated and substantiated when developing and implementing a set of measures to minimize the risk of disintegration of EAEU member states and the disruption of interstate cooperation in the future.