Index Assessment of Changes in the Balance of Economic Interests and Expectations of the Seller and the Buyer in Market Transactions

The presented study addresses the problem of the correlation between the economic interests of market transaction participants and the market expectations of the seller and the buyer. Innovative balance indices of price and quantity are proposed to be used as a tool for solving this problem.

Aim. The study aims to show how the balance indices of price and quantity can be used to achieve a parity compromise in market transactions with a fixed purchase and sale budget, which is the optimal result for the seller and the buyer and ensures the stability of mutually beneficial market relations between economic agents.

Tasks. To achieve the set aim, the authors analyze the commodity-money balance of interests and its structure from the perspective of the seller and the buyer; substantiate the need to build a balance of market expectations; assess the possibility of using the index method as a synthetic method to resolve (according to Hegel) contradictions between interests and expectations by combining them.

Methods. This study uses methods of mathematical analysis, numerical methods of approximate evaluation of functions, index method, method of analogies, provisions of theories of adaptive and rational expectations.

Results. The Laspeyres and Paasche indices can be interpreted as changes in the adaptive and rational expectations of economic agents respectively. It is proved that the balance indices of price and quantity are the coordinates of the point of parity compromise, where “pure” and “mixed” market expectations and economic interests of the seller and the buyer converge.

Conclusions. It is established that in market transactions with a fixed budget, the balance of economic interests on a compensatory basis is beneficial for the seller and absolutely not beneficial for the buyer. In order for the balance of interests to be beneficial for both participants of the transaction, it must be viewed through the prism of the balance of market expectations. Balance indices of price and quantity serve as a tool that establishes a connection between the balances of market expectations and economic interests.

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