Transformation of the employment sphere in the conditions of “green transition”

Aim. To investigate the forms of non-standard employment that have a positive impact on the ecology, the environment and contribute to the formation of a “green” economy, as well as the criteria for selecting “green” jobs.

Tasks. To identify and characterize forms of non-standard employment that have a positive impact on the ecology and the environment; to assess the main directions of their positive and negative impact on the environment, as well as on the social sphere and quality of life of workers; to develop assessment criteria for “green” jobs; to offer a set of recommendations necessary for the successful transformation of the labor market towards the “green” economy.

Methods. The authors used system and comparative analysis, analysis of statistical indicators, sociological methods (questioning).

Results. The transformation of the employment sphere under the influence of the development of green economy is manifested in the creation of “green” jobs and the development of nonstandard forms of employment (freelancing, distance employment, virtual employment), which have a positive impact on the environment. This changes the social status and quality of life of workers. These changes can be not only positive (increased employment opportunities for socially vulnerable groups, lower unemployment in depressed regions of the country; lower risks of injuries due to traffic accidents; the possibility of attracting workers with the required competencies to labor-deficient regions; the opportunity to choose more interesting and wellpaid work), but also negative (the need to form digital competencies for successful employment; risk of social isolation; o Positive influence prevails. According to sociological research, the number of workers who work in non-standard employment forms that contribute to the “green” transition is increasing. At the same time in Russia the number of remote workers, freelancers and virtual workers, as well as the number of “green” jobs is not taken into account on a national scale.

Conclusions. The lack of statistical information on the number of “green” jobs and the number of workers who work in forms of employment that contribute to the “green transition” significantly complicates the possibilities of labor market regulation and the development of measures to support socially vulnerable groups of workers, as well as organizations that create “green” jobs. In order to successfully transform the labor market towards a green transition, it is necessary to keep statistical records of green jobs based on selected criteria; to develop green job evaluation indicators to assess the impact on the environment, the economy of the organization and the country as a whole, the health and the working capacity of citizens who work in such jobs; to annually analyze the status of green jobs and jobs to be transformed into green jobs in individual organizations and sectors of the eco-industry.

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