<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">emjume</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономика и управление</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics and Management</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-1627</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-7984</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СПбУТУиЭ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35854/1998-1627-2026-5-634-643</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">emjume-2885</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ, СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELING, SYSTEM ANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Интеллектуальная модель управления киберрисками в критической информационной инфраструктуре финансового сектора на основе импульсных нейронных сетей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Intelligent cyberrisk management model for critical information infrastructure in the financial sector based on spiking neural networks</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3422-1237</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасанов</surname><given-names>Ильнур Ильдарович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khasanov</surname><given-names>Ilnur I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильнур Ильдарович Хасанов, кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры информационных технологий, старший научный сотрудник Института цифровых финансов,</p><p>125167, Москва, Ленинградский пр., д. 49/2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilnur I. Khasanov, PhD in Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Information Technology Department, Senior Research Fellow at the Institute of Digital Finance,</p><p>49/2, Leningradskiy Ave., Moscow, 125167.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iikhasanov@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5180-7822</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифоров</surname><given-names>Алексей Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforov</surname><given-names>Alexey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Александрович Никифоров, младший научный сотрудник Института цифровых финансов,</p><p>125167, Москва, Ленинградский пр., д. 49/2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Nikiforov, Junior Research Fellow at the Institute of Digital Finance,</p><p>49/2, Leningradskiy Ave., Moscow, 125167.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aanikiforov@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>634</fpage><lpage>643</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хасанов И.И., Никифоров А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хасанов И.И., Никифоров А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khasanov I.I., Nikiforov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://emjume.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2885">https://emjume.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2885</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Разработка модели управления киберрисками в критической информационной инфраструктуре финансового сектора, базирующейся на применении импульсных нейронных сетей и ориентированной на повышение обоснованности, оперативности принятия решений при выявлении аномалий сетевого трафика.</p></sec><sec><title>Задачи</title><p>Задачи. Провести анализ существующих подходов к управлению инцидентами информационной безопасности в финансовых организациях; разработать структуру интеллектуальной системы поддержки принятия решений для выявления сетевых атак; определить информативные признаки сетевой активности и способы их представления в импульсной форме; выполнить экспериментальную оценку эффективности предложенного подхода в контуре управления безопасностью.</p></sec><sec><title>Методология</title><p>Методология. В процессе исследования применены методы машинного обучения и импульсных нейронных сетей. Обработка сетевых событий реализована с использованием различных архитектур SNN, включая сверточные и рекуррентные модели. Представление входных данных основано на преобразовании параметров сетевого трафика в импульсные последовательности с применением вероятностных и временных методов кодирования. Для оценки результатов использованы стандартные метрики классификации; дополнительно проанализирован вопрос о том, каким образом полученные значения влияют на качество принимаемых решений.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Разработана структура интеллектуальной системы, которая может быть интегрирована в контур управления информационной безопасностью финансовой организации. В системе использованы специализированные модели импульсных нейронных сетей для анализа различных типов сетевых угроз. Эксперименты показали, что применение SNN повышает точность выявления атак и снижает количество ложных срабатываний. В результате уменьшается нагрузка на операторов и улучшается эффективность процессов реагирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о целесообразности применения импульсных нейронных сетей при выполнении задач управления кибербезопасностью финансовых организаций. Разработанный подход может быть интегрирован в системы поддержки принятия решений, в которых он способствует повышению устойчивости критической информационной инфраструктуры и снижению последствий киберугроз.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. This work aimed to develop a cyberrisk management model for the critical information infrastructure of the financial sector based on spiking neural networks (SNNs), focused on improving the validity and efficiency of decision­making when detecting network traffic anomalies.</p></sec><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. To analyze existing approaches to information security incident management in financial organizations; to develop the structure of an intelligent decision support system for detecting network attacks; to identify informative features of network activity and methods for their representation in spiking form; and to perform an experimental evaluation of the proposed approach’s effectiveness within the security management loop.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The research applies machine learning methods and spiking neural networks. Network event processing is implemented using various SNN architectures, including convolutional and recurrent models. Input data representation is based on converting network traffic parameters into spike trains using probabilistic and temporal encoding methods. Standard classification metrics are used to evaluate the results; additionally, the analysis examines how the obtained values affect the quality of decisions made.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The structure of an intelligent system is developed, which can be integrated into the information security management loop of a financial organization. The system uses specialized spiking neural network models to analyze different types of network threats. Experiments show that using SNNs increases attack detection accuracy and reduces the number of false positives. Consequently, operator workload is reduced, and the efficiency of response processes is improved.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of using spiking neural networks for cybersecurity management tasks in financial organizations. The proposed approach can be integrated into decision support systems, where it helps increase the resilience of critical information infrastructure and mitigate the consequences of cyberthreats.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поддержка  принятия  решений</kwd><kwd>финансовый  сектор</kwd><kwd>импульсные  нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>информационная безопасность</kwd><kwd>анализ сетевого трафика</kwd><kwd>критическая информационная инфраструктура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>decision support</kwd><kwd>financial sector</kwd><kwd>spiking neural networks</kwd><kwd>information security</kwd><kwd>network traffic analysis</kwd><kwd>critical information infrastructure</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по государственному заданию Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This paper was prepared based on the results of research funded under the state assignment of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rahman M., Al Shakil S., Mustakim M. R. A survey on intrusion detection systems in IoT networks // Cyber Security and Applications. 2025. Vol. 3. Article 100082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csa.2024.100082</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rahman M., Al Shakil S., Mustakim M.R. A survey on intrusion detection systems in IoT networks. Cyber Security and Applications. 2025;3:100082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csa.2024.100082</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hozouri A., Mirzaei A., Effatparvar M. A comprehensive survey on intrusion detection systems with advances in machine learning, deep learning and emerging cybersecurity challenges // Discover Artificial Intelligence. 2025. Vol. 5. No. 1. Article 314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-025-00578-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hozouri A., Mirzaei A., Effatparvar M. A comprehensive survey on intrusion detection systems with advances in machine learning, deep learning and emerging cybersecurity challenges. Discover Artificial Intelligence. 2025;5(1):314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163­025­00578­1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y., Muniyandi R. C., Qamar F. A review of deep learning applications in intrusion detection systems: Overcoming challenges in spatiotemporal feature extraction and data imbalance // Applied Sciences. 2025. Vol. 15. No. 3. Article 1552. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031552</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y., Muniyandi R. C., Qamar F. A review of deep learning applications in intrusion detection systems: Overcoming challenges in spatiotemporal feature extraction and data imbalance. Applied Sciences. 2025;15(3):1552. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031552</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lampe B., Meng W. A survey of deep learning-based intrusion detection in automotive applications // Expert Systems with Applications. 2023. Vol. 221. Article 119771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.119771</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lampe B., Meng W. A survey of deep learning­based intrusion detection in automotive applications. Expert Systems with Applications. 2023;221:119771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2023.119771</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu Z., Wu Y., Wang S. et al. Deep learning-based intrusion detection systems: A survey // Journal of the ACM 2025. Vol. 1. No. 1. Article 1. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.07839</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu Z., Wu Y., Wang S., et al. Deep learning­based intrusion detection systems: A survey. Journal of the ACM. 2025;1(1):1. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.07839</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arnob A. K. B., Chowdhury R. R., Chaiti N. A., Saha S., Roy A. A comprehensive systematic review of intrusion detection systems: Emerging techniques, challenges, and future research directions // Journal of Edge Computing. 2025. Vol. 4. No. 1. P. 73–104. https://doi.org/10.55056/jec.885</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arnob A.K.B., Chowdhury R.R., Chaiti N.A., Saha S., Roy A.A Comprehensive systematic review of intrusion detection systems: Emerging techniques, challenges, and future research directions. Journal of Edge Computing. 2025;4(1):73­104. https://doi.org/10.55056/jec.885</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohammed A. A. A. Improving intrusion detection systems by using deep learning methods on time series data // Engineering, Technology and &amp; Applied Science Research. 2025. Vol. 15. No. 1. P. 19267–19272. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.9417</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohammed A.A.A. Improving intrusion detection systems by using deep learning methods on time series data. Engineering, Technology &amp; Applied Science Research. 2025;15(1): 19267­19272. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.9417</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shone N., Ngoc T. N., Phai V. D., Shi Q. A deep learning approach to network intrusion detection // IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence. 2018. Vol. 2. No. 1. P. 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1109/TETCI.2017.2772792</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shone N., Ngoc T.N., Phai V.D., Shi Q. A deep learning approach to network intrusion detection. IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence. 2018;2(1):41­50. https://doi.org/10.1109/TETCI.2017.2772792</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tang T. A., Mhamdi L., McLernon D., Zaidi S. A., Ghogho M. DeepIDS: Deep learning approach for intrusion detection in software defined networking // Electronics. 2020. Vol. 9. No. 9. Article 1533. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091533</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tang T.A., Mhamdi L., McLernon D., Zaidi S.A., Ghogho M. DeepIDS: Deep learning approach for intrusion detection in software defined networking. Electronics. 2020;9(9):1533. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091533</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yin C., Zhu Y., Fei J., He X. A deep learning approach for intrusion detection using recurrent neural networks // IEEE Access. 2017. Vol. 5. P. 21954–21961. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2762418</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yin C., Zhu Y., Fei J., He X. A deep learning approach for intrusion detection using recurrent neural networks. IEEE Access. 2017;5:21954­21961. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2762418</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Котенко И. В. Искусственный интеллект для кибербезопасности: новая стадия противоборства в киберпространстве // Искусственный интеллект и принятие решений. 2024. № 1. С. 3–19. https://doi.org/10.14357/20718594240101</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotenko I.V. Artificial intelligence for cyber security: A new stage of confrontation in cyberspace. Iskusstvennyi intellekt i prinyatie reshenii = Artificial Intelligence and Decision Making. 2024;(1):3­19. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ичетовкин Е. А., Котенко И. В. Модели и алгоритмы защиты систем обнаружения вторжений от атак на компоненты машинного обучения // Computational Nanotechnology. 2025. Т. 12. № 1. С. 17–25. https://doi.org/10.33693/2313-223X-2025-12-1-17-25</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ichetovkin E.A., Kotenko I.V. Models and algorithms for protecting intrusion detection systems from attacks on machine learning components. Computational Nanotechnology. 2025;12(1):17­25. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33693/2313­223X­2025­12­1­17­25</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Новикова Е. С., Федорченко Е. В., Котенко И. В., Холод И. И. Аналитический обзор подходов к обнаружению вторжений, основанных на федеративном обучении: преимущества использования и открытые задачи // Информатика и автоматизация. 2023. Т. 22.№ 5. С. 1034–1082. https://doi.org/10.15622/ia.22.5.4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novikova E.S., Fedorchenko E.V., Kotenko I.V., Kholod I.I. Analytical review of intelligent intrusion detection systems based on federated learning: Advantages and open challenges. Informatika i avtomatizatsiya = Informatics and Automation. 2023;22(5):1034­1082. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.15622/ia.22.5.4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Труфанов В. Н., Огарок А. Л., Нестеров С. Г. Исследование сетевых систем обнаружения вторжений, использующих методы машинного обучения // Информатизация и связь. 2023. № 4. С. 59–72. https://doi.org/10.34219/2078-8320-2023-14-4-59-72</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trufanov V.N., Ogarok A.L., Nesterov S.G. A research on network intrusion detection systems using machine learning techniques. Informatizatsiya i svyaz’ = Informatization and Communication. 2023;(4):59­72. https://doi.org/10.34219/2078­8320­2023­14­4­59­72</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ичетовкин Е. А. Исследование устойчивости систем обнаружения вторжений с компонентами машинного обучения к состязательным атакам // Вестник Астраханского госу дарственного технического университета. Серия: Управление, вычислительная техника и информатика. 2025. № 2. С. 76–87. https://doi.org/10.24143/2072-9502-2025-2-76-87</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ichetovkin E.A. Investigating the resistance of intrusion detection systems with machine learning components to adversarial attacks. Vestnik Astrakhanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekh- nicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Upravlenie, vychislitel’naya tekhnika i informatika = Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Management, Computer Science and Informatics. 2025;(2):76­87. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.24143/2072­9502­2025­2­76­87</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moustafa N., Slay J. UNSW-NB15: A comprehensive data set for network intrusion detection systems (UNSW-NB15 network data set) // Military communications and information systems conf. (MilCIS). (Canberra, November 10-12, 2015). New York, NY: IEEE, 2015. P. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS.2015.7348942</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moustafa N., Slay J. UNSW­NB15: A comprehensive data set for network intrusion detection systems (UNSW­NB15 network data set). In: Military communications and information systems conf. (MilCIS). (Canberra, November 10­12, 2015). New York, NY: IEEE; 2015:1­6. https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS.2015.7348942</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tavanaei A., Ghodrati M., Kheradpisheh S. R., Masquelier T., Maida A. Deep learning in spiking neural networks // Neural Networks. 2019. Vol. 111. P. 47–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2018.12.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tavanaei A., Ghodrati M., Kheradpisheh S.R., Masquelier T., Maida A. Deep learning in spiking neural networks. Neural Networks. 2019;111:47­63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2018.12.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin T.-Y., Goyal P., Girshick R., He K., Dollár P. Focal loss for dense object detection // Proc. of the IEEE Int. conf. on computer vision (ICCV). (Venice, October 22–29, 2017). New York, NY: IEEE, 2017. P. 2980–2988. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.2017.324</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lin T.­Y., Goyal P., Girshick R., He K., Dollár P. Focal loss for dense object detection. In: Proc. IEEE Int. conf. on computer vision (ICCV). (Venice, October 22­29, 2017). New York, NY: IEEE; 2017:2980­2988. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCV.2017.324</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paszke A., Gross S., Massa F. et al. PyTorch: An imperative style, high-performance deep learning library // Proc. 33rd Int. conf. on neural information processing systems (NeurIPS 2019). (Vancouver, BC, December 8–14, 2019). New York, NY: ACM, 2019. P. 8024–8035. URL: https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper_files/paper/2019/file/bdbca288fee7f92f2b-fa9f7012727740-Paper.pdf (дата обращения: 15.04.2026).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paszke A., Gross S., Massa F., et al. PyTorch: An imperative style, high­performance deep learning library. In: Proc. 33rd Int. conf. on neural information processing systems (NeurIPS 2019). (Vancouver, BC, December 8­14, 2019). New York, NY: ACM; 2019:8024­8035. URL:https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper_files/paper/2019/file/bdbca288fee7f92f2bfa9f7012727740Paper.pdf (accessed on 15.04.2026).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eshraghian J. K., Ward M., Neftci E. O. et al. Training spiking neural networks using lessons from deep learning // Proceedings of the IEEE. 2023. Vol. 111. No. 9. P. 1016–1054. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2023.3308088</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eshraghian J.K., Ward M., Neftci E.O., et al. Training spiking neural networks using lessons from deep learning. Proceedings of the IEEE. 2023;111(9):1016­1054. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2023.3308088</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McKinney W. Data structures for statistical computing in Python // Proc. of the 9th Python in science conf. (SciPy 2010). (Austin, TX, June 28 – July 03, 2010). Austin, TX: SciPy, 2010. P. 51–56. https://doi.org/10.25080/Majora-92bf1922-00a</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McKinney W. Data structures for statistical computing in Python. In: Proc. 9th Python in science conf. (SciPy 2010). (Austin, TX, June 28 – July 03, 2010). Austin, TX: SciPy; 2010:51­56. https://doi.org/10.25080/Majora­92bf1922­00a</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
